458 DOMESTIC 'ANIMALS, DAIRYING, ETC. 



Distillery Grains. Dried distillery grains proved to be a poor 

 pig feed except in small proportions. When fed as one-third or one- 

 half of the ration with corn it was unprofitable. Where it composed 

 one-fifth of the ration very good returns were obtained. (Ken. 

 B. 101.) 



Tankage and Meat Meal. There are at least two packing-house 

 by-products tankage and meat meal which should be more gen- 

 erally introduced in the South as feeds to go along with corn. Either 

 one of them would cheapen the ration materially and make corn 

 worth more a bushel as a hog feed. (F. B. 411.) Tankage is the 

 product which drops to the bottom in our rendering tanks, when we 

 are rendering out grease, tallow, etc., at our various packing houses. 

 It has been thoroughly cooked under forty pounds pressure for sev- 

 eral hours, which thoroughly destroys any disease germs which 

 might possibly be in the raw meat. This product is pressed and then 

 dried in steam driers at a high temperature. It is then ground and 

 shipped in 100 and 200 pound sacks. 



Beef Meal. This is made from scraps of meat and bone from 

 which the grease has been extracted and the liquors concentrated by 

 cooking. These are then pressed, dried and" ground in preparation 

 for the market. It is claimed to contain 40 per cent to 50 per cent 

 of protein. (la. B. 65.) 



At the Alabama Station when corn alone was* used only 48.7 

 cents were realized for each bushel fed, but when a one-tenth part of 

 the corn ration was made up of tankage the sum was increased to 67 

 cents, assuming that the hogs sold for 5 cents a pound live weight. 

 The average of the work in Nebraska shows that when corn alone 

 was used 60.5 cents were secured for each bushel ; when tankage was 

 fed along with corn the returns were 63.5 cents a bushel. In Okla- 

 homa, when corn was fed alone but 41.1 cents were secured for a 

 bushel, but when meat meal supplemented the corn the amount av- 

 eraged 64 cents a bushel. In Tennessee only 18.7 cents were realized 

 upon each bushel of corn when it was used alone, but when the meat 

 meal was used along with it, its value was raised to 50.3 cents (aver- 

 age of three lots.) (F. B. 411.) 



Digester tankage ranked next to skim milk for efficiency in pro- 

 ducing rapid and, from the standpoint of feed consumed for a pound 

 of gain produced, economical gains. The amount of feed required 

 to produce one hundred pounds of gain was comparatively small 

 360.2 pounds. The large amount of corn consumed daily per pig 

 by the corn and tankage and the corn and skim milk lots is worthy 

 of note. When either of these feeds was used, a much larger amount 

 of corn was consumed daily than when a ration of corn alone, corn, 

 and middlings, or corn and soy bean meal was fed. (0. B. 209.) 



Sufficient work has been done to show that hogs following 

 cattle are often not supplied with the ration best suited for the pro- 

 duction of the greatest gains. In the tests reported in this circular 

 the gains made by hogs fed tankage were more than one-half greater 

 than the gains made by the hogs that depended entirely upon the 



