278 SOLID PARTS OF ANIMALS. 



we evaporate the alcohol and dissolve the residue in water, and pass 

 through it a current of sulphuretted hydrogen gas to precipitate 

 the lead, and then boil the aqueous liquid with animal charcoal, 

 and evaporate, we obtain a colourless very acid syrup, possessing 

 all the characters of lactic acid. 



3. Satis. These are of two kinds ; namely, those which are 

 soluble in alcohol, and those which are only soluble in water. 



The salts soluble in alcohol are the lactates of potash, soda, 

 lime, and magnesia, together with traces of lactate of ammonia, 

 likewise chloride of potassium and chloride of sodium. If we eva- 

 porate the alcoholic solution to dryness, and digest the residue 

 in absolute alcohol, the lactates will be dissolved, while the 

 chlorides will remain unacted on. 



When the solution in absolute alcohol is treated with an al- 

 coholic solution of tartaric acid, the precipitate, when incinerated, 

 leaves a good deal of carbonate of potash and a little carbonate 

 of soda. These carbonates being dissolved, a white powder re- 

 mains, which dissolves with effervescence in muriatic acid, leav- 

 ing undissolved a trace of phosphate of lime. If we saturate the 

 solution with ammonia, oxalic acid precipitates the lime. The 

 lime being removed, phosphate of ammonia, mixed with a little 

 ammonia, throws down a small quantity of ammonia-phosphate 

 of magnesia. 



The salts insoluble in alcohol are the phosphates of soda and 

 of lime. 



4. Animal extractive matte?'. This is partly soluble in alco- 

 hol of 0-833, and partly only in water. 



(1.) The alcoholic extractive matter is what Thenard called 

 osmazome. It is a mixture of various substances ; among others 

 of lactic acids and lactates. When alcohol of 0-833 is digested 

 upon extract of flesh, it divides it into two nearly equal portions ; 

 the alcohol acquires a yellow colour, and leaves a brown viscid 

 matter, which is the portion soluble in water. 



When the alcohol is distilled off, and the residue dried over 

 the steam-bath, there remains a transparent yellow matter mix- 

 ed with crystalline grains. When this matter is digested in ab- 

 solute alcohol, the greater portion of it is dissolved, and the so- 

 lution has a light colour and is transparent. If we distil off the 

 absolute alcohol, a syrup remains, which cannot be dried over the 

 steam-bath but remains semiliquid. It has an acrid and saline 

 taste. Its smell is at first similar to that of burnt bread, but 



