480 LIQUID PARTS OF ANIMALS. 



3. In slow nervous fevers the urine, according to Fromherz 

 and Gugert,* is dark-coloured, and deposits a yellowish red se- 

 diment, consisting of uric acid with a little colouring matter and 

 mucus. The urine contains very little urea, less phosphate of 

 lime than usual, but a great deal of phosphate of magnesia. 



Mr Macgregor found the quantity of urea passed in fever 

 and small-pox nearly the same as in health. 



4. In gout, according to Fromherz and Gugert,f the urine, 

 some time before the paroxysm, was found to contain no uric 

 acid and very little phosphates. The urine of another patient 

 voided, just before the paroxysm, was also destitute of uric acid, 

 but contained more than usual of the phosphates. During the 

 fit, (as in other fevers,) the free acid in urine diminishes and dis- 

 appears. The uric acid augments much during the fit. This is 

 evident from the deposition of chalk stones in the joints of gouty 

 patients, which Dr Wollaston showed to consist of urate of 



5. During jaundice, the urine has an orange-yellow colour, 

 and communicates the same tint to linen. Muriatic acid some- 

 times renders this urine green, and thus detects in it the matter 

 of bile. In gout the urine sometimes contains a yellow^ matter, 

 similar to what Thenard called the yellow matter of bile. This 

 substance is only suspended, and may be separated by the filter. 

 Tiedemann and Gmelin found that the urine of patients labour- 

 ing under jaundice is precipitated yellow by the sulphate of iron, 

 the perchloride of iron, the protochloride of tin, the acetate of 

 lead, the protonitrate of mercury, and corrosive sublimate. Sul- 

 phate of copper throws down a dirty green precipitate. 



Mr Macgregor found the urea passed daily in a well-marked 

 case of jaundice to be 217 grains. Specific gravity of urine 

 1*012. In another case, urea, 325 grains, specific gravity of urine, 

 1'020. In a third, urea, 315 grains, specific gravity of urine, 

 1-012. 



6. In general dropsy or anasarca, the serum of the blood mix- 

 es with the urine, and renders it albuminous. In such cases it 

 becomes milky when heated or when mixed with acids. If we 

 add acetic acid, and then drop in prussiate of potash, a white pre- 

 cipitate falls. It precipitates also with corrosive sublimate. 



* Schweigger's Jour. 1. 205. f Ibid. p. 206. 



t Phil. Trans. 1797, p. 386. 



