492 LIQUID PARTS OF ANIMALS. 



But Lassaigne found urea in the blood of a madman who had 

 fasted during eighteen days.* 



According to Martigny, the proportion of albumen in blood 

 increases by abstinence, while that of fibrin diminishes, and the 

 quantity of blood is constantly diminishing as long as abstinence 

 is continued.! 



18. Donne observes that, after eating sorrel, the urine was fil- 

 led with minute crystals of oxalate of Iime4 



19. Viscid urine. 



MM. Cap and Henry examined a urine to which they gave 

 that name. It was acid when voided, but soon became alkaline. 

 It had a light-yellow colour, and was muddy, and a white mag- 

 ma occupied the greatest part of the liquid, floating by the slight- 

 est agitation, and depositing itself slowly. A scanty gray sedi- 

 ment was at the bottom of the vessel. The viscid magma was 

 separated by the filter. The urine filtered had a specific gravity 

 of 1 '00691. It was composed of, 



Water, :!-;; v *0y Hqai ^i 98-12 



Urea, KM hey?^ k^o, ^ ri ,, 0-40 



Albumen, wy dt.sj 1 . ', .*, $vfi 0'17 



Mucus, a'fca thw iui-M> >*&* 0-50 



Chlorides of sodium, potassium, ammonium, -\ 

 Urate of ammonia, *&rii -o r j V 0-81 



Phosphates of soda, ammonia, lime, magnesia, ) 

 Sulphate of soda trace. 

 Lactate of ammonia trace. 



100-00 

 The viscid magma consisted of fibrin, albumen, and spermatin. 



Such are the characters and constitution of human urine, and 

 such the changes produced in it by disease, as far as the subject 

 has been investigated. Much less progress has been made in the 

 investigation of the urine of the inferior animals. The follow- 

 ing are the principal facts on this prolific subject that have been 

 hitherto ascertained : 



I. The urine of carnivorous animals is acid, and usually con- 

 tains salts of ammonia ; the urine of graminivorous animals is 

 alkaline, and contains carbonates, particularly carbonate of lime. 



* Jour, de Chimie Medicale, 1825. f Jour, de Physiol. viii. 165, 169. 

 \ Comptes Rendus, viii. 805. Jour, de Pharm. xxiii. 329. 



