URINARY CALCULI. 567 



horse, which was given him by Dr Baillie, and which had been 

 found in the kidney, had a different composition. It was of a 

 blackish colour, very brittle and hard, and had no smell or taste- 

 It was heavier than human urinary calculi. It proved on ana- 

 lysis to consist of carbonate of lime cemented together by animal 

 matter. * 



Mr Brande analyzed three urinary calculi from the^horse ; 

 the first from the kidney, and the other two from the bladder. 

 He found their composition as follows : 



1. .2 3. 



Phosphate of lime, 76 45 60 



Carbonate of lime, . 22 10 40 



Ammonia-phosphate of magnesia, ... 28 



Animal matter, . .... 15 



98 98 lOOf 



Wurzer and John had found carbonate of magnesia in small 

 quantity in the calculi from the horse, and this was confirmed 

 in 1823 by the experiments of Lassaigne.J 



2. The Ox. Fourcroy and Vauquelin seem to" have been 

 among the first chemists who examined the urinary calculi of the 

 ox. They found those which they subjected to analysis' compos- 

 ed chiefly of carbonate of lime. This constitution was confirm- 

 ed by Brande, who analyzed several calculi from the bladder of the 

 ox, and found them composed of carbonate of lime and animal mat- 

 ter^ M. Lasaigne examined several in 1823, and found that the 

 carbonate of lime was mixed with a little carbonate of magnesia. || 



3. The Sheep. Mr Brande analyzed a urinary calculus of a 

 sheep, and found it composed of, 



Phosphate of lime, . 72 



Carbonate of lime, . 20 



Animal matter, . 8 



lOOf 



In the year 1830, M. Lassaigne examined a siliceous calculus 

 found in the urethra of a male lamb of the Merino breed. It 

 was white, with a slight shade of red, very friable, and had a cy- 



* Phil. Trans. 1798, p. 15. t Ibid. 1808, p. 233. 



t Ann. de Chim. et de Phys. xxii. 440. Phil. Mag. xxxii. p. 178. 



|| Ann. de Chim. et de Phys. xxii. 440. \ Phil. Trans. 1808, p. 235. 



