638 FUNCTIONS OF ANIMALS. 



breathing to 2803*5 cubic inches ; so that 68*1 cubic inches, or 

 about 5*2 d of the whole disappeared during the breathing. The 

 azotic gas of the air breathed was increased by 66 '94 cubic inches. 

 The oxygen consumed was 380*37 cubic inches ; the carbo- 

 nic acid formed was 245*2 cubic inches. Hence 135*17 cubic 

 inches of the oxygen must have been consumed in the formation 

 of water. 



The heat evolved by the dogs raised the temperature of 56 

 Ibs. avoirdupois of water 2.43, or would have raised the heat of 

 1 Ib. of water 136. 



The heat evolved by the formation of the carbonic acid was 

 65. 39, and that by the formation of water 36.04, making to- 

 gether 101.43. This is 34.57 less than the heat actually 

 evolved. 



(10.) A male cat, more than two years of age, was enclosed in 

 the apparatus. The experiment lasted one hour and thirty-five 

 minutes. The quantity of air used was 2922*2 cubic inches. 

 It was reduced by the breathing of the cat to 2901 cubic inches, 

 so that the loss of volume was 21*2 cubic inches, or about jy^th 

 of the original volume. The proportion of azote in the air re- 

 spired was increased by 3 1*97 cubic inches. 



The oxygen consumed was 178*8 cubic inches ; the carbo- 

 nic acid formed was 125*7 cubic inches ; so that 53*1 cubic in- 

 ches of the oxygen must have been consumed in the formation 

 of water. 



The heat evolved heated 56 Ibs. avoirdupois of water, 1.044 ; 



or it would have raised the temperature of 1 Ib. of water, 58.46. 



The heat evolved by the formation of the carbonic acid was 



33.52, and that by the formation of water was 14. 16 ; making 



together 47.68, or 10.78 less than the heat actually evolved. 



(11.) Three adult male pigeons were put into the apparatus. 

 The experiment lasted one hour and thirty-two minutes. The 

 volume of air used was 2909*3 cubic inches. It was reduced 

 by the breathing of the animal to 2907*9 cubic inches. So that 

 the loss of volume was 1*4 cubic inches, or about ^wth of the 

 original quantity. The proportion of azotic gas in the air re- 

 spired was increased by 43*33 cubic inches. 



The oxygen gas consumed was 194*4 cubic inches; the car- 

 bonic acid formed was 149.5 : so that 44'9 cubic inches of the 

 oxygen gas must have been consumed in the formation of water. 



