INSECTS INJURIOUS TO CITRUS GROVES. 495 



they attack first the young fruit and bite a small area 

 of the rind, this area enlarges as the fruit grows and 

 presents a rough, scurfy appearance. Such fruit must be 

 classed as seconds or culls. 



Treatment. In the Canadian northwest, the Griddle 

 mixture, formula (15), has given excellent satisfaction 

 and has in many sections supplanted all other means 

 of fighting these pests. It should be scattered well 

 through the groves and the insects are said to be attracted 

 to this bait from a distance of forty feet. No injury to 

 poultry has resulted from its use. 



The Orange-Dog. (Papilio Cresphontes Cramer). 

 Frequently a large, disagreeable-looking caterpillar, 2 1-2 

 inches, or slightly more, in length may be observed feed- 

 ing upon the leaves of citrus trees. It is dark brownish- 

 black in color and marked with large blotches of a dirty 

 white color on the posterior end, the sixth and seventh 

 segments and the sides of the head. The anterior end is 

 much enlarged and when at rest the mouth parts are 

 drawn in under it as shown in Plate 33. When irritated or 

 disturbed, the insect protrudes a pair of golden-colored, 

 horn-like feelers and at the same time a liquid having an 

 exceedingly disagreeable and repellant odor is emitted. 



It is in the larval stage that damage is done. The 

 appetite of the caterpillar is enormous, an ordinary sized 

 orange leaf being disposed of in about five minutes. After 

 feeding to satisfaction, the caterpillar retreats to a shady 

 place and rests until its next feeding time. A great deal 

 of damage may be done to a tree in a very short time and 

 particularly on young trees the effects of their presence 

 are very noticeable. 



When full grown, the larva seeks out some secluded 

 spot on the side of a limb or leaves the tree entirely, 



