CHAPTER II 

 EQUIPMENT, APPARATUS, AND LIBRARY 



Laboratory outfit. Equipment for the more special problems 

 will be described in appropriate chapters, but there are a few 

 general needs which should be understood at the outset. First 

 of all, the course demands more than usual individual storage 

 room for students' material. Each student should have not 

 less than 6 square feet of shelf, closet, or locker space. This 

 will be supplied by a simple wall case 1 foot wide, 18 inches 

 deep, and 3 feet tall, with three shelves about 9 inches apart. 

 The student must be given time to label and store his speci- 

 mens neatly, since any appearance of "rubbish" about the 

 laboratory is likely to prove fatal to the morale of the whole 

 course. 



The laboratory should be provided with at least two good- 

 sized aquaria and two vivaria. A convenient size for all of 

 these is 24 inches long, 12 inches wide, and 15 or 18 inches 

 deep. They may all be made according to directions given 

 below for aquaria and then be used either as aquaria or viva- 

 ria. Each student should have also a small aquarium, about 

 12 inches deep, 10 inches long, and 6 inches wide, which 

 may be used nearly dry, for insect-rearing cases; moist, for 

 salamanders, toads, frogs, and tree frogs ; or filled with water, 

 for fishes and other aquatic animals and plants. By partially 

 filling such aquaria with loam, sawdust, or sphagnum, covering 

 the outside closely with black paper, tilting slightly, and plant- 

 ing different seeds close against the glass, they may serve for 

 interesting demonstrations in germination and the development 

 of root systems. 



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