METHODS (>F UJUD STUJXX 49 



Family Fringillid< (fringilla, "a finch") sparrows, finches. Types: 



Purple finch ( 'ctrpddaciu purpdreus. 



American goldfinch Astragalmus trixtix. 



English sparrow Passer domesticus. 



White-throated sparrow Zonotrichia alhirnflin. 



Tree sparrow Spizella monticola. 



Chipping sparrow Spizella pcwterina. 



Junco Jnnco hy emails. 



Song sparrow Melospiza melo<1i. 



Fox sparrow Pnsserella iliaca. 



Towhee, chewink Pip'do erythrophthdlmus. 



Rose-breasted grosbeak Zameltfdia Ittdovicidna. 



Indigo bunting Panncrtmi 



The problems in this group are the valuable service rendered by all 

 the sparrows in weed-seed destruction; and, also, the damage caused 

 by the English sparrow. A single observation of the killing of a tree 

 swallow or a bluebird by sparrows, or their eating the eggs from a rob- 

 in's nest, is usually enough to convince a person of the advisability of 

 ridding the neighborhood of these pests. The year after all agree, the 

 English sparrow may be banished from the continent into which it was 

 so foolishly introduced in 1851. Until all agree, not much headway can 

 be made against a species that has the power to increase from a si ugh.- 

 pair to 275,716,983,698 in ten years. 



Family Tanagrida the tanagers. The scarlet tanager Pirdnga en/- 

 thromelas. Why are not these beautiful birds more numerous in your 

 locality ? 



Family HirundinidcR swallows and martins. Few more efficient, and 

 certainly no more agreeable, insect traps exist than the swallows. They 

 should all be protected until they increase up to the limit of their insect 

 food. The purple martin and tree swallow nest preferably in bird houses, 

 and provision about barns should not be lacking for the cliff and barn 

 swallows. Differences in nesting habits in species so closely related are 

 of general interest. Types : 



Purple martin Proyne snhis. 



Cliff, or eaves, swallow Petrochelidon lumfrons. 



Barn swallow Hirundo erythrogdstra. 



Tree swallow Iridoprocne bwolor. 



Bank swallow Ripdria ripdria. 



