48 CARDOOXS. 



year. This is not attainable here, on account of the ex- 

 tremes of heat and cold ; but Collards would prove very 

 valuable and acceptable, in the event of an unfavourable 

 season for fall Cabbage. 



If the seeds of Early York, Early Dutch, or other early 

 kinds of Cabbage, be sown in June, July and August, and 

 transplanted as they become fit, into good ground, from fif- 

 teen to eighteen inches apart, the first planting would make 

 good heads for fall use ; and the plants of late sowings, if 

 transplanted in September and October, in a warm border, 

 would produce tender sweet-eating greens for use in the 

 early part of winter; the latter plantings may be placed 

 ten or twelve inches, plant from plant. These could be 

 easily sheltered on the approach of severe weather, without 

 being taken up. The cultivation of Collards is well adapted 

 to our Southern States, as they there need no protection in 

 winter. 



CARDOONS. 



CARDON. Cynara cardunculus* 



THE Cardoon Artichoke, a native of Candia, is much 

 cultivated in Europe for culinary purposes, such as for 

 salads, soups, stews, &c. 



The stems of the leaves being thick and crisp, are the 

 eatable parts, after being blanched. They are in perfection 

 in Autumn and Winter. 



The seed may be sown in a bed of rich earth in the 

 month of April; and one ounce will produce about six 

 hundred plants: when the plants are up strong, they should 

 be thinned to four or five inches distance, to prevent their 

 becoming weak. They may be transplanted in June, at 

 the distance of four feet from one another every way ; ob- 

 serve before planting, to dress their tops and roots the sam 

 as Celery. As they advance in growth, they are to be 

 earthed up for blanching, keeping the leaves close together ; 

 this may be done with bass or matting, as practised with 

 Endive; they are after wards to be earthed up gradually 



