122 



Vertebrata. 



FIG. 59. 



parts of monkeys, while the spinal column exhibits a 

 series of curves so constructed that the centre of 

 gravity falls between the feet. The brain of man is 

 larger in relative size and complexity than t'nat of any 

 other animal, being on an average fifty ounces in 

 weight, while that of the orang-utan weighs only about 

 sixteen ounces. Man is also capable of articulate 

 speech, and, psychologically, man is susceptible of 

 education, which, in kind as well as in degree, is 

 utterly unknown among the lower animals. 



Man also is capable of fitting himself for residence 

 in any climate, and having been thus long scattered 



over the face of the 

 earth, the single 

 human species pre- 

 sents to us numerous 

 varieties, none of 

 which, however, ex- 

 hibit any approach to 

 true specific distinct- 

 ness. These varieties 

 may be classed as 

 follows : 



i. Woolly-haired 

 races, such as the Negroes, Andamanese, and the 

 Negritos of the Malay Archipelago. 



2. Straight-haired races, which may be, 

 a. Australioid or dark-skinned, small-headed 

 races, such as the aborigines of Australia, the abo- 

 riginal or hill tribes of India and Ceylon, possibly the 

 ancient Egyptians, and the aboriginal races of the 

 stone age. 



Skull of negro. 



