6oo 



MANUAL OF ZOOLOGY. 



habits. The " coney " of Scripture is believed to be the Hyrax 

 Syriacus, which occurs in the rocky parts of Syria and Pales- 

 tine. Another species the Hyrax Capensis, or " Klipdas " 

 occurs commonly in South Africa, and is known by the colo- 

 nists as the " badger." 



ORDER VIII. PROBOSCIDEA. The eighth order of Mammals 

 is that of the Proboscidea, comprising no other living animals 

 except the Elephants, but including also the extinct Mastodon 

 and Deinotherium. 



The order is characterised by the total absence of canine 



Fig. 256. Skull of the Indian Elephant (Elephas Indictis], i Tusk-like upper in- 

 cisors ; m Lower jaw, with molars, but without incisors ; n Nostrils, placed at the 

 end of the proboscis. (After Owen.) 



teeth ; the molar teeth are few in number, large, and trans- 

 versely ridged or tuberculate ; incisors are always present, and 

 grow from persistent pulps, constituting long tusks (fig. 256). 

 In living Elephants there are two of these tusk-like incisors in 

 the upper jaw, and the lower jaw is without incisor teeth. In 

 the Deinotherium this is reversed, there being two tusk-like lower 

 incisors and no upper incisors. In the Mastodons, the incisors 

 are usually developed in the upper jaw, and form tusks, as in 

 the Elephants, but sometimes there are both upper and lower 



