664 



GLOSSARY. 



shells of the Foraminifera, it means that all the convolutions of the shell 



lie in the same plane. 

 EQUIVALVE (Lat. cequus, 'equal ; valvce, folding-doors). Applied to shells 



which are composed of two equal pieces of valves. 

 ERRANTIA (Lat. erro, I wander). An order of Annelida, often called Nereidea, 



distinguished by their great locomotive powers. 

 EURYPTERIDA (Gr. eurus, broad; pteron, wing). An extinct sub-order of 



Crustacea. 

 EXOPODITE (Gr. exo, outside : pous, foot). The outer of the two secondary 



joints into which the typical limb of a Crustacean is divided. 

 EXOSKELETON (Gr. exo, outside ; skeletos, dry). The external skeleton, which 



is constituted by a hardening of the integument, and is often called a 



" dermoskeleton." 



FASCICULATED (Lat. fasciculus, a bundle). Arranged in bundles. 



FAUNA (Lat. Fauni, the rural deities of the Komans). The general assem- 

 blage of the animals of any region or district. 



FEMUR. The thigh-bone, intervening between the pelvis and the bones of 

 the leg proper (tibia &nd fibula). 



FIBULA (Lat. a brooch). The outermost of the two bones of the leg in the 

 higher Vertebrata ; corresponding to the ulna of the fore-arm. 



FILIFORM (Lat. filum, a thread ; fwma, shape). Thread-shaped. 



FISSILINGUIA (Lat. findo, I cleave ; lingua, tongue). A division of Lacertilia, 

 with bifid tongues. 



FISSION (Lat. findo, I cleave). Multiplication by means of a process of self- 

 division. 



FISSIPAROUS (Lat. findo ; and pario, I produce). Giving origin to fresh struc- 

 tures by a process of fission. 



FISSIROSTRES (Lat. findo, I cleave; rostrum, beak). A sub-order of the 

 Perching Birds. 



FLAGELLUM (Lat. for whip). The lash-like appendage exhibited by many In- 

 fusoria, which are therefore said to be "flagellate." 



FLORA (Lat. Flora, the goddess of flowers). The general assemblage of the 

 plants of any region or district. 



FOOT- JAWS. The limbs of Crustacea, which are modified to subserve mastica- 

 tion. 



FOOT-SECRETION. The term applied by Mr Dana to the sclerobasic corallum 

 of certain Actinozoa. 



FOOT-TUBERCLES. The unarticulated appendages of the Annelida, often 

 called parapodia. 



FORAMINIFERA (Lat. foramen, an aperture ; fero, I carry). An order of Pro- 

 tozoa, usually characterised by the possession of a shell perforated by 

 numerous pseudopodial apertures. 



FRUGIVOROUS (Lat. frux, fruit ; voro, I devour). Living upon fruit. 



FURCULUM or FURCULA (Lat. dim. of furca, a fork). The " merry-thought " 

 of birds, or the V-shaped bone formed by the united clavicles. 



FUSIFORM (Lat. fusus, a spindle ; and forma, shape). Spindle-shaped, or 

 pointed at both ends. 



GALLINACEI (Lat. gallina, a fowl). Sometimes applied to the whole order of 

 the Rasorial Birds, but properly restricted to that section of the order of 

 which the common Fowl is a typical example. 



GANGLION (Gr. gagylion, a knot). A mass of nervous matter containing nerve- 

 cells, and giving origin to nerve-fibres. 



GANOID (Gr. ganos, splendour, brightness). Applied to those scales or plates 

 which are composed of an inferior layer of true bone covered by a superior 

 layer of polished enamel. 



GANOIDEI. An order of Fishes. 



GASTEROPODA (Gr. gaster, stomach ; pous, foot). The class of the Mollusca 

 comprising the ordinary univalves, in which locomotion is usually effected 

 by a muscular expansion of the under surface of the body (the " foot "). 



