6;8 



GLOSSARY'. 



nate those Protozoa, such as the Foraminifera , in which the pseudopodia 

 run into one another and form a network. 



RETICULUM (Lat. a net). The second division of the complex stomach of 

 Ruminants, often called the " honeycomb bag." 



REVERSED. Applied to spiral univalves, in which the direction of the spiral 

 is the reverse of the normal i.e., sinistral. 



RHIZOPHAGA (Gr. rhiza, root ; phago, I eat). A group of the Marsupials. 



RHIZOPODA (Gr, rhiza, a root ; smdpous, foot). The division of Protozoa com- 

 prising all those which are capable of emitting pseudopodia. 



RHYNCHOLITES (Gr. rhunchos, beak ; and lithos, stone). Beak-shaped fossils, 

 consisting of the mandibles of Cephalopoda. 



RODENTIA (Lat. rodo, I gnaw). An order of the Mammals ; often called Glires 

 (Lat. glis, a dormouse). 



ROSTRUM (Lat. rostrum, beak). The " beak " or suctorial organ formed by 

 the appendages of the mouth in certain insects. 



ROTATORIA (=Rotifera). ' 



ROTIFERA (Lat. rota, wheel ; and fero, I carry). A class of the Scolecida 

 (Annuloidd) characterised by a ciliated "trochal disc." 



RUGOSA (Lat. rugosus, wrinkled). An order of Corals. 



RUMEN (Lat. the throat). The first cavity of the complex stomach of Rumi- 

 nants ; often called the "paunch." 



RUMINANTIA (Lat. ruminor, I chew the cud). The group of Hoofed Quadru- 

 peds (Ungulata) which " ruminate " or chew the cud. 



SACRUM. The vertebrae (usually anchylosed) which unite with the haunch- 

 bones (ilia) to form the pelvis. 

 SAND-CANAL ( STONE-CANAL). The tube by which water is conveyed from 



the exterior to the ambulacral system of the Echinodermata. 

 SARCODE (Gr. sarx, flesh ; eidos, form). The jelly-like substance of which the 



bodies of the Protozoa are composed. It is an albuminous body containing 



oil-granules, and is sometimes called "animal protoplasm." 

 SARCOIDS (Gr. sarx; and eidos, form). The separate amoebiform particles 



which in the aggregate make up the "flesh " of a Sponge. 

 SAURIA (Gr. saura, a lizard). Any lizard-like Reptile is often spoken of as a 



"Saurian ; " but the term is sometimes restricted to the Crocodiles alone, 



or to the Crocodiles and Lacertilians. 

 SAUROBATRACHIA (Gr. saura; batrachos, frog). Sometimes applied to the 



order of the tailed Amphibians (Urodela). 

 SAUROPSIDA (Gr. saura ; and opsis, appearance). The name given by Huxley 



to the two classes of the Birds and Reptiles collectively. 

 .SAUROPTERYGIA (Gr. saura; pterux, wing). An extinct order of Reptiles, 



called by Huxley Plesiosauria, from the typical genus Plesiosaurus. 

 SAURUR^: (Gr. saura; oura, tail). The extinct order of Birds comprising 



only the Archceopteryx. 

 SCANSORES (Lat. scando, I climb). The order of the Climbing Birds (Parrots, 



Woodpeckers, &c.) 

 SCAPHOGNATHITE (Gr. skaphos, boat ; and gnathos, jaw). The boat-shaped 



appendage (epipodite) of the second pair of maxillae in the Lobster ; the 



function of which is to spoon out the water from the branchial chamber. 

 SCAPULA (Lat. for shoulder-blade). The shoulder-blade of the pectoral arch 



of Vertebrates ; in a restricted sense, the row of plates in the cup of 



Crlnoids, which give origin to the arms, and are usually called the " axillary 



radials." 

 SCLERENCHYMA (Gr. skleros, hard; and enchuma, tissue). The calcareous 



tissue of which a coral is composed. 

 SCLERITES (Gr. skleros). The calcareous spicules which are scattered in the 



soft tissues of certain Actinozoa. 

 SCLEROBASIC (Gr. skleros, hard ; basis, pedestal). The coral which is produced 



by the outer surface of the integument in certain Actinozoa (e.g. , Red Coral), 



and forms a solid axis which is invested by the soft parts of the animal. It 



is called "foot-secretion " by Mr Dana. 



