FARMERS' MONTHLY OF HAMPSHIRE COUNTY 



11 



farmer should first drive for quantity of 

 roughage and then work to increase the 

 quality of his crop. This places the 

 growing of alfalfa as something to aim 

 at but demonstrating that good crops 

 of clovers can be grown first. The New 

 York Extension Service sums it all up in 

 this statement: "Grow alfalfa if you can. 

 If you can't grow alfalfa grow red clo- 

 ver. If you can't grow red clover, grow 

 alsike. If you can't grow alsike, plant 

 the farm to pines and leave it. You and 

 the rest of the world will benefit by the 

 change." 



At these meetings men have agreed to 

 carry on demonsti-ations to show the 

 value of acid phosphate, lime and the use 

 of nitrate on the hay crop. Others who 

 would still be short of roughage have 

 agreed to try soy beans as an emergency 

 hay crop. Some will demonstrate the 

 growing of alfalfa and of sweet clover for 

 pasture. With these we are asking the 

 men to do the job right or to leave these 

 crops alone. There have been too many 

 men already who have demonstrated how 

 to get "ten alfalfa plants to the acre." 



REMEDY FOUND FOR TAPEWORMS 



IN POULTRY 



Kamala, a brownish powder obtained 

 from a plant in India and long used there 

 as a drug, has been found satisfactory 

 for removing tapeworms from poultry. 

 This announcement is made by the 

 United States Department of Agriculture 

 as a result of experiments carried on by 

 Dr. Maurice C. Hall and Dr. J. E. Shillin- 

 ger of the Zoological Division, Bureau of 

 Animal Industry. 



Tapeworms cause serious disturbances 

 in chickens, turkeys and other poultry, 

 the injuries ranging from unthriftiness 

 to conditions simulating paralysis, due to 

 deficient diet, sometimes resulting in 

 death. Up to the present time no satis- 

 factory treatment had been known. The 

 demand for a remedy has been insistent 

 and was considered the more urgent in 

 that the life histories of .so many tape- 

 worms are unknown that satisfactory 

 preventive measures can not be recom- 

 mended as yet. Moreover, so far as life 

 histories are known they involve such in- 

 termediate ho.sts as flies, earthworms, 

 slugs, and similar animals which are 

 themselves difficult to control under farm 

 conditions. The need for such a drug as 

 kamala is therefore apparent. 



The drug was tried out on 120 chickens 

 and 6 turkeys, counts being made daily 

 of the tapeworms removed, the birds 

 finally being killed to determine whether 

 any of the parasites were left. The re- 

 sult indicated that a dose of one gram to 

 a chicken demoved all the worms in ap- 

 proximately 19 cases out of 20, a much 

 better result than has been secured with 



any other drug. The dose for turkeys 

 seems to be 2 grams. 



The investigators say the best method 

 of administration appears to be individ- 

 ual dosing with pills, but that the u.se of 

 capsules is also satisfactory. Flock dos- 

 ing by the administration of the drug in 

 feed is much less satisfactory. The do.s- 

 ing of individual birds is easily accom- 

 plished and fasting and purgatives do 

 not appear to be important. At the pres- 

 ent time it may not be possible to obtain 

 kamala at all drug stores, but it is 

 thought that within a short time manu- 

 facturers will have it on the market in 

 convenient form. An estimate of the cost 

 of the kamala itself for treatment of 

 chickens is about one cent per bird. 



MAKE MANURE GO FARTHER 



The limited supply of stable manure 

 can be made to go over more land and 

 with better results by "reinforcing" the 

 manure with acid phosphate. In this 

 way the manure becomes a better bal- 

 anced fertilizer and the acid phosphate 

 acts as an absorbent and preservative, 

 thus preventing losses of ammonia and 

 potash. 



Livestock manure is a valuable source 

 of organic matter and plant food but is 

 unbalanced, having only .3 to 5 pounds of 

 phosphorus per ton. By adding 40 to .50 

 pounds of acid phosphate to each load of 

 manure, a very much better fertilizer is 

 made, the needed phosphate is spread on 

 the land at no extra labor or expense and 

 a given number of loads of manure may 

 be used on a greater acreage than if the 

 manure is not reinforced. 



The agricultural experiment station at 

 Geneva, New York, found that acid 

 phosphate is the best preservative for 

 manure that is to be stored for some time 

 before applying. The Ohio Station found 



that the value of the crop increases (on 

 the 3 crops following) from the use of 

 40 pounds of acid phosphate with each 

 ton of stall manure was worth $1..51 per 

 ton of manure; when used on yard ma- 

 nure, the increased value was $1.5.5 per 

 ton of manure. On this basis, about 50 

 cents for acid phosphate produced .$1.50 

 more in the following crops. 



In an experiment at the Michigan 

 Agricultural Experiment Station, it was 

 found that 200 pounds of acid phosphate 

 used with 5 tons of stall manure gave in- 

 creases of 6.3 bu-shels corn, 14.3 bushels 

 wheat, and 580 pounds clover hay more 

 than the manure not reinforced with acid 

 phosphate. Missouri tests show increases 

 of 3.7 bushels corn, 477 pounds soy beans, 

 4.9 bushels wheat and 1077 pounds of 

 clover hay as a result of reinforcing ma- 

 nure with acid phosphate. 



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