THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF WORKING PLANS 21 



campaign. Wherever possible, he should be accompanied by 

 the owner, the administrator, or both. 



A conference should always be had between the owner or 

 administrator, or both, and the forest organizer. The wishes 

 and objects of the owner are basic in outlining a plan of silvi- 

 cultural management and determine what data are requisite and 

 what degree of detail is necessary in securing these data. The 

 permissible cost of field work should also be decided. It is well 

 if the results of this conference are put in writing and the docu- 

 ment signed by each of the participants. 



Survey of Area 



A good map is an essential part of every working plan. 

 The map need not be elaborate, but it must be accurate. 



Where the land involved has not been surveyed, this must 

 form a part of the field work, though it can often be done in 

 conjunction with the estimating. In every case, it involves 

 at least the retracement of the principal land lines and their 

 fixation on the ground and on the map. Especial attention 

 must be given to the boundary lines. 



It is very serviceable to post boundary and interior corners 

 with fire warnings, or similar placards, in pathless forests. These 

 are most helpful in indicating the position of corners, especially 

 if they are stamped with rubber stencils and indelible ink to 

 show what corner it is. Thus, where the land is sectionized, the 

 section corner would be posted and perhaps also where an im- 

 portant section or township line crosses a much-traveled road 

 or trail. The object is to make the results of field surveys or 

 retracement of old survey lines available not only on the map 

 but on the ground. 



The extent to which topography should be shown depends 

 on the uses of the map. Where a detailed plan of logging is to 

 be included, the topography must be shown in detail. For 

 purposes of ordinary forest organization it suffices to show all 

 drainage, all roads and trails, all houses, barns, and other " cul- 

 ture," and the topography in contours of lOO-foot interval 



