THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF WORKING PLANS 145 



cultural management are (i) Orientation, i.e., location, size, 

 history of forest with important changes, sahent physiographic, 

 social, and industrial features, time, method, and personnel of 

 forest survey and work of organization, period for which made 

 (working period), digest of working-plan conference, if had; 

 (2) Foundation, i.e., growing stock (estimates) and increment, 

 and (if even-aged) distribution of the age classes, stand and stock 

 tables, maps, forest description, di\ision of area; (3) Recom- 

 mendation: method of management, past, present, and pro- 

 posed, i.e., governing condition?, object of management, silvi- 

 cultural method, rotation, etc.; (4) Regulation, i.e., deter- 

 mination and distribution of the allowable cut, general and 

 annual cutting plan, corresponding general and annual planting 

 plans. 



These essentials may be presented in various forms, some 

 of which are given in the following section, varying with the 

 needs and desires of the administrative officers. The form of 

 the working-plan document is comparatively unimportant. 

 It may be t}^ewritten or not, bound or unbound. If type- 

 written it can be manifolded more easily; if plainly bound it 

 resists handhng better, and the working-plan document is 

 meant to be used constantly, not put away on a library shelf 

 for the admiration of visitors. To faciUtate this use a 2-inch 

 margin should be left at the side of the text throughout the 

 document, excepting tables, for the purpose of allowing notes 

 to be made from time to time by officers charged with the 

 execution of the plan. This simple device keeps a plan ahve 

 and up to date and greatly facilitates the work of revision. 



The field work in connection with forest organization often 

 results in the collection of many interesting and valuable silvi- 

 cal and other data which, while germane to the working plan, 

 are not a cognate part thereof. Such data, including volume 

 growth, and yield tables, silvical notes, notes on climate, 

 geology, soil, etc., should be placed in the appendix or else- 

 where convenient, in order that everything in the plan may 

 be confined to the actual scheme of management for the forest. 



