214 THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF WORKING PLANS 



% of 



% of tracts 



District and included Provinces forest area 3.5oo acres 



and over 



Z?aK?<Je (Niederosterreich, Oberosterreich) 34-2 44-6 



Alps (Salzburg, Tirol, Steiermark, Karnten, and 



Krain) 41.8 41 • i 



Coast (Kiistenland, Dalmatia) 29 . 6 37-7 



Northwest (Bohemia, Mahren, Schlesien) 29. i 65.7 



Northeast (Galicia, Bukowina) 27.7 69 . 6 



Totals , 32 . 6 54 . 3 



of which nearly one-half are tracts of 7500 acres in size or more; 

 nearly one-quarter, or half of the half are tracts of 25,000 acres 

 or more. 



This division corresponds fairly well with the general topog- 

 raphy and the forest conditions. The Alps and the northeast 

 districts (Carpathians) comprise tremendous mountain ranges; 

 the Alps continue in diminished form through the coast district 

 to the southeast and break down northward into the rolling 

 plains and foothills of the Danube district, this foothill charac- 

 ter is preserved through most of the northwest district adjoin- 

 ing thereon, grading gradually into the main ranges of the 

 Carpathians, the di\dde of which forms the boundary between 

 the northern districts of Austria and Hungary. 



The coniferous species in Austria cover over 60 per cent of 

 the total forest area; 21 per cent are hardwoods; the balance 

 of 19 per cent are mixed stands. Spruce predominates with 44 

 per cent of the total forest area, it occurs at almost all eleva- 

 tions from the plains up to timber line, only in Dalmatia is it 

 lacking. Scotch pine is next, with 7 per cent of the total for- 

 est area, chieily occurring on the plains. The remainder of the 

 60 per cent of coniferous stands are mixtures of various species 

 — fir, Austrian and other pines, and larch. 



Of the hardwood stands wliich cover 21 per cent of the 

 total forest area, beech leads the list with 10 per cent, the 

 remaining 11 per cent are stands of oak with beech, or horn- 

 beam with beech, or of aspen, alder, birch, etc. 



The 19 per cent of mLxed stands are admixtures of larch, 

 Pinus cembra (" Zirbe "). ash, elm, maple, chestnut, etc. 



