422 



INDEX 



plant life 24, 44, 96, 97 ; geo 

 graphical significance 33 ; ligh 

 in, significance 150; move 

 ments, significance 153 ; as 

 oecological factor 28, 29, 44 

 percolation in soil 46 ; in soil, a 

 oecological factor 44 ; specifi 

 gravity, influence on plankton 

 152 ; storage, by land-plants 

 119; temperature, significance 



IS*- 



"Water-bladders 121. 

 "Water-meadows 231. 

 'Water-plants, see Hydro 



phytes. 

 'Water-reservoirs 119; occur 



rence 125. 

 Water- tissue 1 20 ; internal 



occurrence 122; peripheral 



occurrence 120. 



Wax, coating leaves of dune- 

 plants 267 ; in halophytes 220; 



incrustations, as xeromorphic 



character 193; in regulation of 



transpiration 103. 

 Weapons of species 366. 

 Webera nutans, in production of 



peat in Greenland 205. 

 Weingaertneria canescens 212. 

 Weingaertneria- association, 



in Jutland 66. 

 IVelwitschia mirabilis, in Dama- 



raland 276. 

 West Africa. See Africa, 



West. 

 West Indies, Calotropis procera 



in 295 ; Canavalia-association 



in 227; dry tropical bushland 



301; pasture 327; and West 

 Africa, similarity of mangrove- 

 plants, 237. 



Wet soil, physiological dryness 

 195- 



White, sand-dunes 262, adapta- 

 tions 264, associations and flora 

 264, construction 263; Sea, 

 low-moor 199, sand-dunes 269. 



Wind, drying action 249 ; in- 

 fluence on form of plant-growth 

 37, on tree- trunks 39, explana- 

 tion of influence 37, 38 ; as 

 factor, in construction of sand- 

 dunes 263, in distribution of 

 vegetation 39, oecological 36; 

 mechanical action 37 ; protec- 

 tion against 39 ; utility 40. 



Willow-bushland 328. 



Willow-region, of bushland, 

 on Norwegian mountains 328. 



Willows (Saliceta), in bush- 

 swamp 190 ; grey, on tundra 

 215. 



Wood-meadow, in Sweden 325. 



335- 

 Woodland, extending into 



desert and steppe 288. 

 Woodlands, Mountain-pine 



4- 

 Woody-plants, classes 1 1. 



anthium spinosttm, in vermuth- 

 steppe 278. 



anthoria elegans 241 . 

 X. parietina, on shore-rocks 

 224. 



Xerochasy 277. 



Xeromorphic structure, and 

 soil, causal connexion between 

 194. 



Xeromorphy, characters 193. 



Xerophilous plants 36 ; (Thur- 

 mann) 69. 



Xerophytes 101 ; among chas- 

 mophytes 244 ; communities 

 134; andepiphytes,similarityin 

 structural features 89 ; ethereal 

 oils 107 ; forms of leaf no; 

 forms of shoot in ; growth - 

 forms 127; and halophytes, 

 agreement between 222; pali- 

 sade tissue 107; roots 117; 

 structural characters 127. 



Xerophytic character of Coni- 

 ferae 310. 



Xylem. reduced in water-plants 

 98. 



Xylopodium 9, 296. 



Yucca, in succulent-steppe 279 ; 

 as tropical chasmophyte 245. 

 Y, radio so, 271. 



Z. 



Zamba-pampa 287. 

 Zostera 177, 230; distribution 



1 78 ; importance 1 79 ; leaf- form 



182; leaf-type 177. 

 Z. marina, in production of 



marsh 351. 

 Zosteretum, in aestuarium, 



composition 230. 



