92 INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OP VITICULTURE 



They come from two sources: from California, which ships us large quanti- 

 ties of Malaga, Tokay, Muscat and similar varieties, and from New York 

 State which furnishes us principally with Concord. 



The State occupies a peculiar position in that it has a range of climate 

 and soil that allow the production of the two great types of grapes, namely, 

 the Vinifera and those of American blood, principally V. labrusca. The con- 

 sumption of grapes in the State, however, is relatively low and could be 

 increased many fold. The cause of the low consumption is due to the fact 

 that many of our local grapes are of poor quality and that some sections have 

 not determined the types and varieties best adapted to their conditions. As 

 a result much sour or immature fruit is placed on the market. This seems 

 to be the limiting factor as far as consumption is concerned. 



There are also limiting factors which determine production in certain 

 parts of the State. First, as regards production of the Vinifera or European 

 type of grapes; east of the mountains, the limiting factor becomes the winter 

 cold making it necessary in many sections to give the vines artificial cover- 

 ing; and in some sections west of the mountains the limiting factor is mildew. 

 Then, with the American grapes, in some portions of the State, such as the 

 coast counties and cooler portions of the State, it has been difficult to mature 

 some varieties. Many of the grapes produced on such locations are too tart 

 to satisfy the trade. There are in this State, however, large areas where 

 the climate and soil are splendidly adapted to grape production, and Oregon 

 should become an exporter of grapes and grape products. 



The Vinifera grapes will be limited to about three sections: First, South- 

 ern Oregon, especially Jackson and Josephine Counties. Mr. A. H. Carson 

 of Grants Pass has made a signal success of producing both Vinifera and 

 American grapes. On the higher altitudes and red shot soils, the grapes 

 succeed very nicely. In the Columbia Basin, the Vinifera grape will succeed 

 and The Dalles is a splendid location. This section has a moderate winter 

 climate. Further to the east some Vinifera grapes are also produced. 



For the American grapes, Southern Oregon including the Umpqua and 

 the. Rogue River Valleys is one of the leading sections of the State. The 

 Columbia Basin, especially such sections as Stanfield and Hermiston, are 

 producing grapes of very fine quality and of high sugar contents. Eventually 

 this region should have grape juice factories established to take care of their 

 product. On the warm exposures in the Willamette Valley, these grapes 

 succeed and in the vicinity of Portland, at such points as Milwaukee and 

 Forest Grove, many of the farmers are producing high quality grapes. 



The marketing question in the State is a serious one, especially as far 

 as the American varieties are concerned. We have about reached that point 

 where not much expansion can be hoped for until grape juice factories can 

 be established. At the present time the total consumption of grapes produced 

 fresh about equals the supply, but at times the American grape is a drug on 

 the market and the prices received not remunerative. It would certainly 

 pay to have a juice outlet so that this condition could be remedied. 



There is not much we can say regarding soils. The grape needs the 

 same type of soil here as it does in any other section. They seem to succeed 

 better in the lighter types of loam or the well-drained types of soil. They 

 also seem to succeed in rather dry soils and in some cases in rather shallow 

 soils provided the roots can get through the cracks and seams in the rock 



