186 INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF VITICULTURE 



eleven and twelve hundred acres now in bearing vines The proportions 



and kinds growing, taking one hundred as the sum are as follows: Mission, 

 sixty-eight; Catawba and Isabella, ten; White Muscat, Muscatella, Malaga, 

 six; Tokay, Black Morocco, Malvoisies, one; Zinfandel, Riesling, two. The 

 other thirteen are made up of numerous other varieties, such as Sweet Water, 

 Black July, Hartford Prolific, Cloantha and Concord and some others." .... 

 "The varieties of vines raised in Amador County, Calaveras County, Tuolumne 

 County and Mariposa County are about the same as in El Dorado County." 

 almost one-quarter of' the vines grown in these counties are American 

 varieties. Another of his statements gives an idea of the time these vines 

 have been grown: "Very few vines have been planted in El Dorado County 

 for the past five years." 



Considering the statements made in these reports, at a time when 

 European importations were of more consequence than any from the 

 Eastern States, and comparing dates therein mentioned with the date 18632 

 when the very first traces of a disease, then unknown to be caused by the 

 phylloxera, even making allowance for the presence of the insect a few years 

 prior to its injury to the vines being noticed, there still remains a probability 

 in favor of the insect being introduced from the Eastern States. This is 

 still more emphasized by the fact that at the time of the early importations 

 from Europe, cuttings were almost exclusively used for shipments, while 

 those from the East were more often rooted vines, many having been brought 

 to California by the women folk of the homeseekers leaving a home in the 

 East for one in the Far West. The danger of introducing the pest by means 

 of Vinifera cuttings compared to rooted American vines is very small. 



Damage Done to the State of California. 



Prof. George C. Husmann, Pomologist in charge of Vitricultural Investi- 

 gations, Bureau of Plant Industry, United States Department of Agriculture, 

 places the damage at an estimate of seventy-five thousand acres of vineyards 

 destroyed by phylloxera in California. Prof. F. T. Bioletti, head of the 

 Viticultural Department of the College of Agriculture of the University of 

 California, considers these figures about right, while Charles C. Wetmore, 

 for many years identified with the Board of State Viticultural Commissioners, 

 considers them as conservative. Placing an average valuation of an acre of 

 vineyard at two hundred and fifty dollars, the loss sustained amounts to 

 about nineteen million dollars (less the value of the land). 



2Cours complet de Viticulture, G. Foex, p. 549. 



