216 INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OP VITICULTURE 



of this inverted cone. The can should have a rather deep layer of kerosene 

 to kill the beetles. This method of control requires that the vineyard 

 receive several treatments for unless the vines are kept free from the 

 beetles during this entire period much loss is sure to result. 



Cultivation during the pupal stage. Large numbers of pupae will be 

 killed if the land is plowed and harrowed during the period these insects 

 are in their cells transforming to adults. These cells are from three to eight 

 inches below the surface of the soil, usually not lower than six inches and 

 thus can be easily reached by tools used for cultivation. 



It will pay even to plow grass land that is severely infested rather than 

 to save it for making hay for under ordinary conditions the infested area is 

 not extensive and the damage to vineyards far exceeds the value of the hay 

 crop that would be gathered from the infested soil. The pupal cells are 

 crushed and the insects die from exposure to the sun and air. 



This remedy has a very limited application for frequently these insects 

 do not develop in arable land but inhabit waste land or sand knolls which 

 may have a quantity of scrub trees growing thereon. At other times the 

 cultivated land on which these grubs develop belongs to another person 

 or the conditions are such that tillage is out of the question. For example 

 we know of one instance where the rose chafer larvae occurred in the lawn 

 of a large, well kept cemetery and upon emerging as beetles wrought havoc 

 to a cherry planting near by. 



RECOMMENDATIONS. 



From a practical standpoint it is best to use the molasses and arsenate 

 of lead spray when the beetles first appear on the vines and repeat this in a 

 few days if the beetles continue to reinfest the vines. The spraying may 

 come while the grapes are in blossom, which would make little difference so 

 far as the pollination of the flowers is concerned, but in certain States there 

 are laws forbidding the spraying of trees or vines while in blossom. Under 

 such conditions, as law abiding citizens, it would be necessary to adopt the 

 method of hand picking. Whatever method is used emphasis must be placed 

 on the necessity of energetic efforts as soon as the first beetles appear for 

 it requires but a few days for these devastators to destroy the crop. Cultural 

 measures that will decrease the number of chafers are recommended where 

 they can be applied. 



