230 INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OP VITICULTURE 



Sprayed July 14-18; 180 gallons per acre, applied by hand. Arsenate of 

 lead, 4 pounds; copper sulphate, 3 pounds; lime, 4 pounds; hard soap, 4 

 pounds; water, 50 gallons. 



Counted September 10-11, 1913. Number of bunches, 33; sound berries, 

 657; wormy berries, 213; per cent wormy, 24.4. 



U nsprayed Concords. 



Number of bunches, 67; sound berries, 221; wormy berries, 1,177; per 

 cent wormy, 84. 



The dates or time of making the different applications was based on 

 the previous experiments made in the grape districts of Ohio and also on the 

 work of the United States Department of Agriculture in Pennsylvania. 



The spray was applied with a power machine of large capacity and at 

 200 pounds pressure. The spars were of the fixed type, but the nozzles were 

 not pointed at right angles to the grape row. The nozzles were placed com- 

 paratively low down and were angled so that the spray was thrown upward 

 and outward as well as forward and backward, meeting the roof of the 

 leaves edgewise instead of throwing the spray against the roof-like protecting 

 surface of the leaves. These spars were designed by the author, in order 

 to completely cover the bunches of grapes with spray in as thorough a man- 

 ner as possible, approaching the best hand spraying in covering capacity 

 without extra labor. The ability to cover a considerable area of vineyard 

 rapidly with a minimum expense for labor was also an important item as 

 directing the spray nozzles by hand adds greatly to the cost of spraying 

 grapes. These spars with the nozzles angled outward and upward saved 

 the labor cost of the two men required to direct the nozzles in hand spray- 

 ing. The cost of spraying an acre of grapes for the season varied slightly 

 with the different treatments. Basing the cost of the spraying material on 

 the plots having the largest percentage of good grapes, three sprayings cost 

 about $8.25 per acre for spraying materials. Labor and wear on machine, 

 repairs, depreciation in value of the machine, and miscellaneous extras cost 

 close to $7 per acre for the season, allowing for three sprayings. These costs 

 are based on the use of a power sprayer under normal vineyard conditions. 



In 1914 the experiment work for the control of the grape berry worm 

 was more extensive than in the year previous, as the Dover Fruit Growers' 

 Association cooperated with the Ohio Experiment Station following as closely 

 as possible the program laid out by the author. This permitted the testing 

 out in a practical way of the best results obtained in the experimental plot 

 work of previous years. The different members of the association followed 

 the program laid out as as closely as they could under their circumstances. 

 The results obtained were commensurate with their thoroughness in spray- 

 ing and caring for their grapes. Four cooperators obtained results approxi- 

 mating 2 to 3 per cent of wormy grapes in vineyards, where on the previous 

 year the crop was more than half wormy. Un sprayed rows in these vine- 

 yards had more than 60 per cent wormy berries in the latter part of Septem- 

 ber. In every vineyard where it was sprayed one or more times, the number 

 of wormy grapes was much less than in the unsprayed sections. 



Some of the cooperators put on only the second spraying, about ten to 

 twelve days after the grapes bloomed, and some put on only the third or 



