12 



The Oliviere grows to perfection only in a rather rich soil. In soils 

 that are too dry or too poor quality, its vigor lessens; its production is 

 affected and it becomes then inferior to more robust varieties. In 

 suitable ground the Oliviere is very productive, it bears abundantly 

 and most every year. 



The quality of the oil expressed from the Oliviere varies greatly 

 according to the nature of the soil where it is grown; good when 

 grown in gravelly or light soil; the oil is, on the other hand turbid, 

 that is, full of sediment, when coming out of damp or rich lands. In 

 the latter case it is little liked for table use. Owing to its vigor 

 the Oliviere withstands without much inconvenience severe pruning 

 and even the heavy amputations to which it is at times subjected. 

 The old wood gives new shoots easily and can very well be grafted. 

 Most of the hardy varieties, however, possess the same qualities. 



LUCQUES.* 

 (Figure No. 6, Plate IV.) 



SYNONYMES. Olive de Lucques, Lucquoise (Basses- Alpes). Oliverolle (Beziers). Odor- 

 ante. Olea minor, Lucensis, fructu oblongo, incuvo, odorato (Tournefort). Olea europaea 

 ceraticarpa (Clemente). 



DESCRIPTION. 



Tree of middling vigor and development; semi-erect; cylindrical 

 trunk; the bark comes off easily in long strips, so that the trunk is 

 often almost entirely laid bare; the main limbs are either horizontal 

 or erect; as a whole, the tree habitually takes the shape of a vase, a 

 ball, or sometimes of an umbrella, according to the mode of trim- 

 ming ; shoots scarce ; branches hardy, long, straight, erect, or h orizontal ; 

 young branches pretty numerous, situated upon the limbs at a right 

 angle, generally drooping, of a decided gray color, longitudinally 

 striated and covered with great number of freckles; wood of hexagon 

 form, especially at the end of young branches; prominent knots. 



Leaf, sublinear lanceolate, pretty long, but narrow (mean length six 

 to nine centirn., width three fourths to one and one fourth centim.); 

 upper face light green, dull, somewhat wrinkled ; under face covered 

 with a dirty white thin coating; limbs not very thick; nerves little 

 marked, even on upper face; Mucron acute, short, bent round in the 

 plane of the leaf; Petiole long, thin, bent round. The leaf is drawn 

 back at the edges, it is unequilateral, and assumes the shape of a 

 very much elongated crescent, ending by the Mucron; the cover of 

 the tree is pretty light, owing to the limited number of leaves, their 

 relative smallness, and the divergent disposition of the branches. 



Fruits often insulated, distributed for the most part at the base of 

 the young branches; Peduncle long, thin, entering into a shallow 

 depression of the fruit; Stigma persistent in a well marked umbilic; 

 olive pretty big (length two and one half to three centim., width one 

 and one fourth to one and one half), of the form of a crescent or a keel, 

 having both ends bent round, and the opposite side to the curvature 

 nearly rectilinear, which makes it of a very peculiar shape. The 

 fruit changes from a light green to shining bluish black; very little 

 hoary; the surface is slightly speckled; thin skin; abundant pulp; 



* Now fruiting at Livermore. 



