6o One Thousand Objects 



One of the commonest mosses on the ground, walls, or 

 rocks. The fruit stalks twist like a cord in dry weather. 

 The peristomes open and close alternately when breathed 

 upon; hence they should be mounted with a movable cover. 



425. HAIRY HOOD (Orthotrichum crispuni). The 

 hairy hood, or calyptra, of this moss, in its early stage, 

 may be found raised on the top of the capsule ; with the 

 little cup or sheath, from which it has separated, at the 

 base of the fruit stalk. (PI. VI., fig. 36 ; magnified.) 



426. INFLATED HOOD (Funaria hygrometricd). The 

 inflated oblique hood, or calyptra, of this very common 

 moss is an interesting object. (PI. VI., fig. 32.) 



427. SCHISTOCARPOUS CAPSULE (Andreao, sj>.). The 

 capsules of all the species of Andreaa are of this type ; 

 at first nearly globose, then splitting into four valves 

 which remain united at the apex. (PL VI., fig. 35.) 



428. SPIRAL CELLS (Sphagnum cuspidatum}. The 

 spiral cells of bog moss are known to most microscopists. 

 This is one of the commonest species in boggy places. 



429. FRUIT OF LIVERWORT (jungermanma biaispidata). 

 The capsule of almost any species of Liverwort, which 

 may be found in moist shady places, will exhibit the four- 

 valved capsule. This is common on banks, and fruits in 

 spring. (PI. VI., fig. 14.) 



430. ELATERS OF LIVERWORT. The spiral elaters, or 

 threads, are found mixed with the spores in the capsules 

 of many kinds of Liverwort, and should be sought in the 

 spring. (PI. VI., fig. 13.) 



431. SPORE AND ELATERS OF HORSETAIL (Equisetuni). 

 The spores from the cone-like heads of Horsetails have 

 hygrometric threads that uncurl when breathed upon, and 

 should be mounted with loose covers. (PI. VI., fig. 31.) 



432. FRINGED SCALE-MOSS (Ptilidium tiliarc). This 

 common Scale-Moss grows in heathy places. A branch, 

 or two or three leaves, may be mounted in glycerine jelly. 



433. CURVE-LEAVED SCALE-MOSS (Jungermannia curvi- 

 folici). Also common on dead wood in small purple 

 patches. The form of the leaves, and their cellular 

 structure, commend this plant. 



