26 



The food was reduced, and after a short time the milk materi- 

 ally improved. At Seaton Delaval the withdrawal of 70 Ib of 

 mangels daily did not reduce the quantity or quality of the 

 milk, but it was found on inquiry that the remainder of the 

 food they were receiving contained sufficient feeding material 

 for the cows. At Broomhaugh the cows each received 5 Ib 

 to 8 Ib concentrated food daily while on pasture, with the 

 result that the milk was as rich in fat in summer as in winter, 

 instead of being poorer as at Newton Iligg. 



(6) Effects of weather The weatner conditions have 

 evidently an important influence on milk production. This 

 is especially noticeable in the Seaton Delaval results, where 

 cold north and north-east winds have considerably lowered 

 the fat contents of the milk. The milk of one cow at Cockle 

 Park has been reduced in percentage of fat by cold nights in 

 June and by hot days in July. It is therefore advisable to 

 guard against exposing cows unduly to either severe or hot 

 weather, and especially to great variations in temperature. 



(7) Milk of nervous cows variable Cows of an ex- 

 citable and nervous temperament may show considerably 

 greater variations than those of a quiet and docile disposition. 

 This is illustrated by the results from individual cows at 

 Broomhaugh. The milk of one cow at Broomhaugh, which 

 dropped her milk easily, was also variable. 



(8) There are probably numerous hidden causes of con- 

 siderable variation in the milk of individual cows. When a 

 cow is in season the milk has usually less fat and is less in 

 quantity. It has been noticed in one or two cases that the 

 milk is richer in fat immediately before this time. 



(9) Regularity of feeding and milking These are most 

 important, so as to produce the best results as to quantity and 

 quality of milk. Regularity in the length of time cows are 

 turned out is also important. Feeding and milking are usually 



