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oats. As already stated, they come into the home folds to 

 calve, after which they are fed more liberally. As each lot 

 has gone together all the winter, they know each other and do 

 not fight and gore. 



Mr. Mchol, in over 20 years' experience, has never had an 

 apparent waster in his herd, nor has he had any animal to 

 react to the tuberculin test. He usually sells his young short- 

 horns for export at from 12 to 18 months old, and all have 

 previously been so tested. He had 30 young shorthorns tested 

 last year, without a trace of reaction. 



It is desirable that Mr. Nichol's plan of rearing calves prac- 

 tically in the open air should be followed in all our cattle-rear- 

 ing districts in the North of England, in view of his success 

 in producing animals which do not react to the tuberculin test. 

 In this connection it may be noted that on the writer's sug- 

 gestion a dairy farmer in North Buckinghamshire tested the 

 whole of his cows with tuberculin in the year 1900. The cows 

 in this herd were out on pasture practically all the year round, 

 and were thus out of doors during day and night throughout 

 the year. Only one animal reacted to the tuberculin test, 

 and her history was doubtful. In this case also the great value 

 of open-air treatment for preventing tuberculosis in cattle was 

 demonstrated. 



Dr. Clement Stephenson carries out this open air treatment 

 to a large extent in the management of his herd of valuable 

 Aberdeen Angus cattle at Baliol College Farm, Benton. In 

 February, 1908, when the students from Armstrong College 

 inspected his herd he addressed them as follows : 



" If you wish to succeed as breeders of cattle you must keep 

 as close to nature as circumstances will allow, give the cattle 

 wholesome food, and see that they have a supply of pure water 

 in the fields as much as possible, and when in the house see 

 that the buildings are adapted for the purpose. These should 

 be well ventilated and lighted, no drains should open inside, 

 but there should be an open channel through the byre that 



