Nectria ditissima. These conditions were those of the affection 

 commonly known as " canker," displayed by the dying away of 

 the ends of leading shoots, as well as of branches and twigs, 

 from wounds or fissures in the rind extending deeply into the 

 woody tissue. The vermilion perithecia of the fungus Nectria 

 ditissima were clearly seen in some of these fissures, evidently 

 showing the fungoid nature of the attack. But in others 

 there were no traces of the fungus, though the symptoms were 

 precisely the same. Canker is attributed by Hartig and 

 some other botanists to this fungus, Nectria ditissima. Fruit 

 growers and gardeners generally consider it to be due to the 

 action of frost when the trees are full of sap, or to other 

 weather influences, also to the land being too wet or too dry. It 

 is, however, believed that Nectria ditissima is the main cause of 

 canker proper, and as a remedy syringing the trees with solutions 

 of sulphate of copper in the form of Bouillie bordelaise, as used 

 for the potato disease, has been recommended, especially for young 

 trees. This should of course be done in the winter. 



Besides the communications received concerning the insects 

 and fungi mentioned above, many others have been made with 

 reference to minor attacks, all of which have received immediate 

 attention, and suggestions have been made as to remedying or 

 preventing mischief as far as possible. The interest taken 

 by cultivators of all kinds in injurious insects and fungi, and 

 the desire for information regarding them and the methods of 

 dealing with them increase year by year. 



