fir in susceptibility. However, there can be no doubt of the 

 accuracy of our observations, and they are confirmed by those 

 of Mr. Shepard, extended over a much larger area of this 

 region. Indeed, the comparative immunity of white spruce was 

 first pointed out by him. It is possible that some unknown local 

 condition may be responsible for this difference in the two 

 localities. 



Several days were spent in making observations in Townships 

 7 R. 12, 6 R. 11, 5 R. 11 and 6 R. 12, all but the last of which are 

 included in the holdings of the Lincoln Pulp Wood Company. 

 While the conditions here are not so bad as in the Lily Bay 

 region, there is evidence everywhere of a very severe and injuri- 

 ous infestation. In many localities, especially in the denser por- 

 tions of the forests where conditions have remained undisturbed 

 by the lumbermen for years, practically all of the larger firs and 

 often-times as much as from 40 to 50 percent of the larger red 

 spruce have been killed by the bud-moth within the last few 

 years. The hemlock has also suffered a high mortality and 

 much of the younger growth of spruce and balsam has been 

 severely injured, some of it past recovery. 



A number of trees, some recently dead, others apparently 

 dying, and others seriously and nearly completely defoliated, 

 were felled in order to examine them for boring insects, either 

 bark beetles, weevil or others, which might follow the attack 

 of the budworm and contribute to the death of the trees weak- 

 ened by defoliation. In the balsam fir, the larvae of the "saw- 

 yer" Monohammus scutellatus were nearly invariably found in 

 recently killed trees. Some of these had doubtless entered the 

 tree while it was still alive and sappy, but in a weakened condi- 

 tion, but the majority had certainly entered trees injured past 

 hopes of recovery. Many of the balsams, though by no means all 

 of them, had been attacked by the balsam bark beetle Pityok- 

 teines sparsus Lee. (Ips balsumem Lee.) and the weevil Pisso- 

 des dubius in the trunk regions, while the smaller limbs and 

 twigs harbored numerous broods of another sin all bark beetle 

 Cryphalus balsamous Hopk. There is no doubt that in some 

 cases all three of these forms had entered and insured the death 

 of trees which had been much weakened by the budworm and 

 which otherwise might have recovered. It is equally certain 

 that in the majority of cases the trees had been either killed or 



