192 REPORT UPON COTTON INSECTS. 



tlio thighs were also brown; the tibiae black, with a broad white band in the middle ; 

 the tarsi were white, tipped with black ; the ovipositor protruded more than the tenth 

 of an inch. The male presented much the same appearance as the female, but was 

 more slender in form. 



The figure given is not so good as this excellent description would 

 warrant us in expecting, but this cannot be said to be any fault of Mr. 

 Glover. The next published account of parasites is not until 1867, and 

 is again by Mr. Glover. He says, in the Department of Agriculture re- 

 port for that year (p. 61) : 



The cotton-caterpillar is also destroyed by a small yellow and black banded ichneumon 

 fly, which deposits its eggs in the worm. This egg-hatching produces a footless grub, 

 which feeds in the body of the caterpillar, at first avoiding all the vital parts and de- 

 vouring the fatty matter alone, leaving the larva with strength to spin its cocoon and 

 change into a chrysalis, with its internal foe still in its body. The grub then, after 

 devouring the remainder of the interior, changes into a pupa, and finally emerges 

 from the dried chrysalis skin as a full-formed, four-winged fly, somewhat resembling 

 a very diminutive wasp. 



Dr. D. P. Phares, in his lecture before the Farmers' Club of Wood- 

 ville, Miss.,* from which we have quoted so frequently already, mentions 

 Dr. Gorhain's paper incidentally, and also mentions his views on para- 

 sitism enough to put it again in print and to make it an additional 

 source of wonder to us that later writers knew nothing of it. Dr. Phares 

 says: 



Many years ago the late Dr. Gorham, of Louisiana, published his observations of 

 the chenilles made during the then current year. Having collected a number of chrys- 

 alides, he took them home and watched them closely to see the cotton-moth come 

 forth from the pupa case. But, to his astonishment, instead of the Anomis, a swarm 

 of ichneumon flies came out not one cotton-moth in the entire lot. In his new-born 

 joy and earnest desire to cheer the desponding cotton-planter, he speedily proclaimed 

 through the press the results of what he deemed a great discovery ; that henceforth 

 the cotton crop-was safe ; the cotton-caterpillars were done for ; they could never seri- 

 ously injure another crop ; the ichneumon fly had destroyed them all. 



Another account of parasitism was published by Mr. William Jones, 

 the senior editor of the Southern Cultivator, in the March, 1868, num- 

 ber of that journal. He says (speaking of the hibernation of the cotton- 

 worm) : 



About the middle of February we visited the same field again. A majority of 

 chrysalid cases (which were still abundant) we found empty, with every indication 

 of the insect having matured and escaped. A limited number we found apparently 

 unchanged, and started back rejoicing that we had been able to replace those de- 

 stroyed by the bird; but alas ! upon accidentally crushing one we found within it an 

 ichneumon, and this proved to be the case with all we had collected. Some of the 

 ichneumons had completed their transformation and were about to come out as per- 

 fect insects. 



In addition to these published accounts of parasites, the answers of 

 the correspondents of this department to question Ga of the 1878 circu- 

 lar show that mauy insect enemies of the cotton- worm were well known 

 throughout the South. 



* Rural Carolinian, 1869,. p. 689. 



