JOHNSON'S LIQUID POISON MACHINE. 



245 



an elevation as to enable it to pass over the rows of cotton-plants without injuring 

 them, I attach to each side the upper end of a bar, D, the lower end of which is bent 

 outward aud formed into a spindle 



or axle for the wheel. These bars . <?-- 



are of such length that when the 

 wheels are in place the height of 

 the cart-bed from the ground is 

 equal to that of a vehicle provided 

 with wheels from five to six feet 

 in diameter. The wheels C may 

 be of cast-iron, and the bars D 

 may be of wood or iron, as may 

 be preferred. One of the wheels 

 C has a crank-pin, c, formed on 

 or attached to it at a suitable dis- -, 



tance from the center, and to this 

 crank-pin is attached the lower 

 end of a pitman, E, the upper end of which 

 is attached to the pump-lever, G. By this 

 arrangement the pump is operated auto- 

 matically as the apparatus is drawn over 

 the field, thus dispensing with the labor 

 of one man for operating the pump. The 

 pipe and branches aie arranged and con- 

 nected with the pump in a similar man- 

 ner to that shown in my application afore- 

 said, the supply-pipe H being provided 

 with a stop-valve, I, to regulate the flow 

 of the liquid. The branch-pipes, K, are 

 made of cast-metal, instead of sheet metal, 

 as shown in my application aforesaid, and 

 instead of corrugating the rnt'tal as therein 

 shown, I form the grooves I on the inner 

 surface, either during the process of cast- 

 ing or by planing or cutting them out after- Fio. 54. J. W. Johnson's machine, 

 ward, as may be preferred. The branch pipes thus formed are cheaper and more 

 durable than those formed of corrugated sheet-metal. 



Dry poisons. The dilution of poisons with powdered substances in- 

 stead of water has been adopted to a considerable extent, and in some 

 respects is far superior to the latter. The greatest obstacle that planters 

 have had to encounter in the destruction of cotton-worms is the removal 

 of the poison from the plants by rain. It frequently occurs that before 

 a planter has completed poisoning a field a sudden rain undoes the work 

 just performed. This obstacle is especially serious, as the rainy seasons 

 are notably those in which the worms most rapidly multiply. In fact, 

 many planters have been discouraged, and abandoned the use of poisons 

 on this account. This difficulty is, to a great extent, obviated by the 

 use of flour as a diluting substance. The flour combining with dew or 

 rain forms a paste, which glues the poison to the leaves. This fact has 

 been so well established that it is unnecessary to enlarge upon it. A 

 single instance may be cited as an example: During the present season, 

 on Capt. George O. Baker's plantation at Selma, Ala., the mixture known 

 as Roy all's patent withstood five days of continual rain. 



