TREATMENT OF SEXUAL GLANDULAR INSUFFICIENCY 423 



Jacobi, Chrobak, Landau, and others. Various preparations have come into 

 the market; oophorin tablets, ovaraden, ovarin, ovarial tabloids, etc. Ordi- 

 narily 3 to 6 tablets are administered daily. As has been mentioned, Lowy 

 and Richter found in their experiments a stimulation of the respiratory 

 metabolism; but this result seems to be inconstant, as other investigators 

 did not find it. Also there did not always occur an improvement in the 

 nervous symptoms. Bucura points out that this may be due to the unre- 

 liability of the preparations used. He believes that it is not a matter of 

 indifference whether the preparations are obtained from the ovaries of young 

 or old animals, and whether they are taken during the rutting season or the 

 interval. He mentions experiments with the milk of rutting animals. As 

 yet the involution of the uterus after castration cannot be prevented by the 

 use of ovarian substances (Jentze and Beutner) . Frankel proceeding from his 

 view that the corpus luteum possesses an internal secretion, has introduced 

 lutein tablets into therapy. 



Very promising are the experiments on transplantation of the sexual 

 glands. Ribbert was the first who succeeded in transplanting testicles. 

 Foges, after autotransplantation of the testicles in young fowls, saw rather 

 good development of secondary sexual characters. Steinach succeeded with 

 the same experiment in rats and guinea-pigs. The interstitial cells and the 

 Sertoli's cells were retained, but seminal cells were entirely absent. I do 

 not know whether homiotransplantation of the testicles has succeeded. If 

 it were to succeed, a favorable influence on eunuchoidism would not be impos- 

 sible. The transplantation of the testicles, epididymis, and vas deferens, and 

 therewith the possibility of semen production, is still the task of the future. 



Much more noteworthy are the experiments with transplantation of 

 the ovaries. Here also the successful experiment is that of autotransplanta- 

 tion which was. done by Ribbert. Knauer then showed that in grown rabbits 

 involution of the uterus could be prevented by the autotransplantation. An 

 essential progress was made by the experiment of Halban, who in new-born 

 guinea-pigs transplanted the ovaries under the skin. After one and one-fourth 

 years there was still present parenchyma capable of functionating. Graafian 

 follicles and even mature ova had developed and the tube that had been 

 transplanted at the same time had matured in normal manner. The breasts, 

 as well as the uterus, had developed normally. In the castrated control 

 animals the breasts remained rudimentary and the genitalia were markedly 

 hypoplastic. In woman, also, transplantation has occasionally been followed 

 by good results in operations on the genitalia. It is true that transplants 

 often show regressive manifestations, but a part of the parenchyma may, 

 however, still be retained, and on account of this the involution of the uterus 

 and the nervous symptoms due to the loss are prevented. In autotrans- 

 plantation in the neighborhood of the tube, even maturation of the ovum 

 and pregnancy have occurred. 



