532 



DISEASES OF THE INSl LAR APPARATUS OF THE PANCREAS 



Only now at the preparation of this chapter have I received the experiments, 

 and also the large experimental material of Benedict and Joslin. and have 

 attained the conviction that I must hold fast to my original opinion. As 

 the question is of importance, I shall contribute the first twelve experi- 

 ments, that Prof. Benedict has in praiseworthy manner allowed me to pub- 

 lish separately in extenso. There will be found in them some details that 

 seem to me to warrant an exact exposition. 



First, a few remarks concerning method. The experiments herewith published were 

 carried out in a so-called calorimeter. Therefore in the fasting experiments we were 

 concerned with estimation of the exchange in a quiet, comfortable, sitting-position. It is 

 to be expected that the values obtained in the fasting-experiments do not fully represent 

 the fundamental exchange, but lie somewhat higher. The figures republished by me 

 differ somewhat here and there from those in the corresponding experiments of Benedict 

 and Joslin. I cannot state the reason for this, the differences are however so slight that 

 they do not influence the total result in any way. As concerns the exact details of the 

 arrangement of the experiments, I refer to the work of Benedict and Joslin. In the tables 

 will be found the heat-production as well as the heat-elimination. The values for the 

 heat-elimination were estimated, by adding to the value shown by the calorimeter, also the 

 vaporization heat of the water produced (amount of produced water 0.568). The cal- 

 culation of the heat production was based on the behavior of the body-temperature. 



If, for example, the body temperature during an experiment rose, there was added to 

 the amount representing the elimination of heat an amount that would be necessary to 

 warm the person under experimentation the corresponding tenths of a degree. If the 

 temperature fell, the loss of heat had to be subtracted from the figures representing heat 

 elimination. Ideal values for the heat production we do not find, however, as the indi- 

 vidual organs may possess different temperatures, and, for example, after ingestion of food 

 the fall of heat from the liver to the mouth or rectum, where the temperatures are taken, 

 ought to be greater than during fasting. Perhaps this is the reason that Benedict and 

 Joslin do not give values for heat-production in their experiments. 



EXPERIMENT No. I. PERSON UNDER EXPERIMENTATION A 



288.0 



8.26 1 .85 



77.2 80.3 



1 The first period of 8 to 10 o'clock I have omitted, as the values in comparison with those in the later 

 fasting-experiments were non-serial. Probably the patient, who was in the apparatus for the first time, was 

 restless. 



1 Calculated for six hours, 409.1. 



