And of Cell Life 17 



charged particles evidences straight lines stretching from a centre 

 (Plate 2, fig. I). 



The authorities on electrical forces tell us that the properties of 

 negative electricity are pretty well known, but those of positive 

 electricity, or the positive atom or electron, may not have been 

 yet discovered. They say the positive condition of electricity has 

 not been met with in a mass of less than the mass of a hydrogen 

 atom, and that there are, therefore, about 1,700 negative electrons 

 in the mass of a positive atom of electricity. They estimate that 

 this positive atom is made up of all the different kinds of charges 

 of negative electrons, each charge being made up of a different 

 number of electrons, thus constituting a series of "groups" of 

 negative electrons, each group representing a definite charge. 



As all groups must originate in the same fundamental units, in 

 order to trace the cause of the differences we must first endeavor 

 to trace the number of combinations that can arise between electric 

 and magnetic particles or forces. 



The possible combinations arising from these two forces would 

 be five different forms, and there would be evident in the history 

 of the earth the necessity of five divisions, in order to show the 

 manner in which life ascended to its highest product in Man. This 

 explains the origin of the five races of mankind. This explains the 

 origin of the five continents, and of the oceans as five in number. 

 The law of equal distribution in " groups," as determining the con- 

 struction of the positive atom of electricity, or, as it may be, the 

 atom of matter, has governed in the creation of the earth and her 

 life, from the beginning of the individual unit, until the accumula- 

 tion had reached an equal distribution between electric lines of 

 force occupying different positions in space. 



The combinations between the two forces would be: 



(i) Electric. 



(2) Magnetic. 



(3) Electric-magnetic. 



(4) A union between the Electric and the Electro-magnetic. 



(5) A union between the Magnetic and the Electro-magnetic. 

 These five forces represent the different kinds of charges that 



would make up the positive atom of electricity or the atom of 

 matter. 



As we have already found an explanation of the inner core and 

 outer shell as the construction of an atom, in the description given 

 by Sir Oliver Lodge of an electrified body, we will now endeavor 

 to find the meaning of the declaration made by the biologist, that 

 the cell wall does not appear to be alive, and we will find an explana- 

 tion of this *' seeming lif elessness " in what is termed " a resting 

 condition " by the bacteriologist, when describing certain conditions 

 in the life*-history of bacteria. 



Many species of bacteria in cultures appear quite motionless at 

 one time, and at another we find them very active. Before sporu- 

 lation the cells come to rest. '* The contents of the cell are at first 

 homogeneous, and the first indication of the beginning of sporulation 



