THE METHOD OF CREATION OF ORGANIC FORMS. 187 



C In muscles, by simple confluence of cells end to end, and 

 mingling of contents (Kolliker). 



D. Of cartilage, by formation of cells in cytoblast which break 

 up, their contents being added to cytoblast ; this occurring several 

 times, the result being an extensive cytoblast with few and small 

 cells (Vogt). The process is here an attempt at development with 

 only partial success, the result being a tissue of small vitality. 



Even in repair-nutrition, recourse is had to the nucleated cell. 

 For Cohnhcim iirst showed that if the cornea of a frog's eye be 

 scarified, repair is immediately set on foot by the transportation 

 thither of white or lymph or nucleated corpuscles from the neigh- 

 boring lymph-heart. This he ascertained by introducing aniline 

 dye into the latter. Eepeated exi^eriments have shown that this 

 is the history in great part of the construction of new tissues in 

 the adult man. 



Now, it is well known that the circulating fluid of the foetus 

 contains for a period only these nucleated cells as corpuscles, and 

 that the lower vertebrates have a greater proportion of these corpus- 

 cles than the higher, whence probably the greater facility for repair 

 or reconstruction of lost limbs or parts enjoyed by them. The in- 

 vertebrates possess only nucleated blood-corpuscles. 



C. Synthesis of Repetition. 



That growth-force is capable of exhibiting great complexity of 

 movement with increase in amount, will now be shown. That this 

 quality of complication is one of its distinguishing features will 

 appear plain. 



The simplest forms of life, as stated by Haeckel, are simply ho- 

 mogeneous drops of protoplasm {Protammba). These only grow 

 by ordinary accretion, and display a form of self division or repro- 

 duction which is the simplest possible — i. e., the bisection of the 

 mass by contraction at opposite points. 



The next grade of animal type is represented by the nucleated 

 cell. This is simple in Amceba, complex in Actinoph7'ys, etc. 

 With such forms as the latter, cell-growth begins, and its develop- 

 ment is accomplished, by cell-division. This is simple repetition 

 of ultimate parts. In the growth of all higher types we have 

 nothing more than this, but following a law of complex repetition. 

 Thus in the growth of the parts of an archetypal vertebral column 

 or an archetypal limb, we have the repetition of cell-growth till 

 the first segment is formed, when it ceases at that point, and re- 



