Ponderosa Pine-Douglas Fir . This type occurs on the dry, steep 

 south-facino slopes on the north side of the river, and was not investigated 

 with the same level of intensity as the riparian types. Birds seen in 

 this habitat were the American kestrel, golden eagle, bald eagle, common 

 raven, common crow, American robin, Townsend's solitaire, cedar waxwing, 

 pine siskin, and dark-eyed junco; mammals using this type include the 

 yellow-pine chipmunk, golden-mantled ground squirrel, white-tailed deer, 

 mule deer, and bighorn sheep. 



Douglas Fir-Shrub . Bird species using this mid-succession habitat 

 are similar to those of the cottonwood- conifer habitat. Those observed 

 include the bald eagle, merlin, American kestrel, ruffed grouse, mourning 

 dove, rufous hummingbird, calliope hummingbird, Empidonax flycatcher, 

 common raven, common crow, black-capped chickadee, chestnut-backed chickadee, 

 red-breasted nuthatch, American robin, Swainson's thrush, cedar waxwing, 

 red-eyed vireo, orange-crowned warbler, Nashville warbler, yellow warbler, 

 yellow-rumped warbler, brown-headed cowbird, western tanager, lazuli 

 bunting, American goldfinch, red crossbill, dark-eyed junco, chipping 

 sparrow, Lincoln's sparrow, and song sparrow. Mammals observed in this 

 type include the red squirrel, deer mouse, white-tailed deer, and bighorn 

 sheep. 



Douglas Fir-Ninebark . Characteristic species of this late-successional 

 type are common flicker, Empidonax flycatcher, common raven, common 

 crow, black-capped chickadee, American robin, varied thrush, Swainson's 

 thrush, red-eyed vireo, yellow-rumped warbler, western tanager, pine 

 siskin, red crossbill, dark-eyed Junco and chipping sparrow. The vagrant 

 shrew and deer mouse were taken during limited trapping in this type; 

 also seen were Columbian ground sqiiirrel, red squirrel, mule deer, and 

 bighorn sheep. 



Douglas '^ir-Western Red Cedar . Bird species using this type include 

 ruffed grouse, common flicker, pileated woodpecker, hairy woodpecker, 

 Empidonax flycatcher, Steller's jay, common raven, common crow, black- 

 capped chickadee, mountain chickadee, red-breasted nuthatch, brown 

 creeper, winter wren, American rooin, varied thrush, Swainson's thrush, 

 golden-crowned kinglet, ruby-crowned kinglet, red-eyed vireo, warbling 

 vireo, yellow-rumped warbler, Townsend's warbler, MacGill iv>^ay' s warbler, 

 American redstart, western tanager, lazuli bunting, pine s'skin, red 

 crossbill, dark-eyed junco, chipping sparrow, and Lincoln's sparrow. 

 Mammals observed, trapped, or leaving signs in this habicat &re the 

 masked shrew, vagrant shrew, red-tailed chipmunk, red squirrel, northern 

 flying squirrel, deer mouse, red-backed vole, coyote, white-tailed deer, 

 elk, and mjose. 



Snags (Coniferous) . Cavities in coniferous snags provide important 

 nest sites for cavity-nesting birds as well as the red squirrel and 

 northern flying squirrel. Large western red cedar snags between the 

 head of the Falls and Highway 2 showed evidence of extensive feeding use 

 by pileated woodpeckers. Such snags were f.^equently used as perches by 

 bald eagles and American kestrels. 



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