REDWOOD LUMBERING. 69 



Now take the number of men employed from the tree in 

 the woods to the yard at the mill, and their combined wages 

 (which are cash when called for) make a big hole in the re- 

 ceipts of the lumberman, who must ship his product to 

 market, sell (perhaps on thirty or sixty days' time), and collect 

 the proceeds. 



It will be seen at a glance from the number of men em- 

 ployed to carry on the lumber business successfully, build 

 mills, railroads, booms, landings, dumps and camp cabins ; buy 

 provisions, replacing broken shafts, saws and working imple- 

 ments generally, in addition to freights and office expense, 

 that a large capital is required. Not only these, but the risk 

 by fire and flood is great. Insurance companies refuse such 

 risks unless at an extremely high figure, and the breaking of 

 a boom full of logs which may be carried to sea causes heavy 

 loss. Only prudent management in these matters makes the 

 lumberman a success. And when crowned with success, he 

 has deservedly earned it. 



As an example of the outlay for the successful operating 

 of a big lumber firm, let one take into consideration the capi- 

 tal invested and the army of men employed by a few of the 

 leading redwood lumbermen. 



The largest number of men drawing pay from a single 

 Company or firm, are on the rolls of the California Redwood 

 Company. In connection with the manufacture of lumber, 

 this Company own two tug-boats and a bay steamer (stern- 

 wheel). The tugs are not used exclusively in hauling the 

 Company's sailing craft out of Humboldt Bay to sea, but are 

 employed by captains and owners of all ocean craft entering 



