No. 4.] MILK INSPECTION. 95 



filled with dry air, it can be sent many hours on a journey with- 

 out any threatening rise of temperature. 



I have secured a number of bids from manufacturers for 

 installing a refrigerator of this kind, which is to be run with 

 steam power. For a small dairy such as mine, where the 

 production of milk is not Hkely to go over 200 or 250 gallons 

 a day, even when the herd is filled to its maximum, I find 

 that the installation of an effective refrigeration of this kind 

 will cost at least a thousand dollars, and the additional amount 

 of expense for fuel for running the compresser three or four 

 hours a day will amount to a considerable sum. Unless the 

 producer can get a better price for clean, cold milk from dis- 

 ease-free cows he is going to be engaged in charitable work. 

 Ordinary market milk from common herds, drawn in the ordi- 

 nary way, brings, in the Washington market in the summer, 

 about 16 cents a gallon, out of which the producer must pay 

 2^ cents per gallon freight. The sale of pure, clean, cold milk 

 at 13| cents a gallon is not possible if the dairy is run on 

 business principles, as it should be. From the point of view 

 of the consumer the public should be taught to pay the extra 

 price for milk of this kind. Otherwise only producers who are 

 wealthy will be able to remain in the field. There is a milk 

 sold in Washington, certified and at a low temperature, at 20 

 cents a quart to the consumer, while the milk that brings the 

 producer 13| cents a gallon net is sold to the consumer in the 

 summer at about 8 to 9 cents a quart. 



It is not the part of this paper to discuss the profits of the 

 middleman. What I am discussing is the necessity for the 

 producer to get a larger amount for his milk. If the producer 

 in our part of the country could look forward to a year's 

 market averaging 20 cents net per gallon, he might possibly be 

 able to make both ends meet and produce clean and cold milk. 

 There should be, therefore, a campaign of education, as; well 

 as some method of identification which will lead the consum- 

 ing public to pay a reasonable price for good milk. I consider 

 the problem of proper refrigeration one of the most important 

 to the producer in the southern part of our country. How 

 can I emphasize, more than has already been done, the neces- 



