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in a more cleanly condition, than Boston. The milkmen 

 are in general a respectable class of men, and pride themselves 

 on supplying their customers with good milk ; and the Bosto- 

 nians are in general equally particular in requiring pure milk for 

 their money. Several of the milkmen who come daily to town 

 are substantial farmers who have attended the market for forty 

 years. A milkman who, in his visits to the city, should be found 

 taking improper liberties with any pump or well on the road 

 would soon be likely to have some inconvenient questions put 

 to him as to the breed of his cows and his mode of feeding^-- 

 them. In New York city it is not so. With the exception of 

 a few milk establishments, where a sacred pledge of pure milk 

 is given, a system of fraud is almost universally practised. The 

 milk is twice watered ; first in the udder of the cow, who is 

 fed upon distillers' swill, of which she has two or three barrels 

 per day with only hay enough to form a cud for rumination ; — 

 and next, after it is drawn, it is a very general rule to add one 

 quart of water to every four quarts of milk. It is not easy to 

 prevent this; as, where the proprietor is himself honest, the 

 carrier, who may be otherwise, may be tempted to increase his 

 quantity, that he may appropriate to his own use the proceeds 

 of the amount sold beyond that for which he has to account. 

 In the arrangements at the celebrated Harleian dairy, in Glas- 

 gow, Scotland, the most remarkable establishment of the kind 

 ever known, the cans were so constructed and fastened with a 

 lock (the key of which was retained at home), that there was 

 no possibility of introducing anything into them after they were 

 taken from the milk-house ; and there such various checks were 

 applied, that it could hardly be done without detection. In- 

 deed I have been let into the secret, at New York, of the actu- 

 al manufacture of milk at a grocery store, where hardly real 

 milk enough was used to " swear by," and this compound was 

 sold to the poor and miserable for three cents a quart. The 

 grocer, though he kept no cow, offered to supply the milkman 

 with what he required whenever his quantity was insufficient 

 to meet the demands of the day. 



