256 



agement for many years, with twenty cows in summer and more 

 than thirty in winter, the average product for 365 days is from 

 five to six quarts to a cow per day. The cows are fed in win- 

 ter upon clover hay made in the manner described in p. 236, an 

 allowance of a peck and a half each of succulent vegetables, 

 and some Indian or oil-meal cake. The summer feed is not 

 stated, but great advantage has been derived from green Indian 

 corn fodder. Oil-meal cake is not considered of equal advantage 

 with Indian. It is deemed too dear if more than $25 per ton. 

 Carrots are preferred to all- other vegetables when the quality of 

 the milk and the condition of the animal are regarded. Since 

 the use of the most powerful hydrostatic presses in extracting 

 the oil from the flax seed, the cake is by no means so valuable 

 as formerly, and the price should be proportional. 



In the case of a milk establishment in the vicinity of Salem, 

 on an average of thirty-five cows in milk, the product in one 

 year was 17,171 gallons of milk, beer measure ; in another 

 year, it was 17,530 gallons. In the first case it would be 

 about 5h quarts to a cow ; in the latter, 5| to a cow per day 

 through the year. 



At Lowell, connected with the manufacture of printed goods, 

 was an establishment of fifty cows, kept for the special pur- 

 pose of obtaining their manure for fixing some of the colors 

 employed. The milk of the cows was sold to persons- con- 

 cerned in the factories at a low rate, and an exact account kept 

 of the yield, and the amount and cost of feed. With this ac- 

 count I have been favored, and deem it well worth preserving. 

 Fifty cows have been the average number kept, and kept con- 

 stantly in the barn upon hay and green vegetables, such as pota- 

 toes, &c. The average number of cows giving milk has been 

 thirty-five. The quantity of hay spent for two years was 418 

 tons, at an average cost of $18 50 per ton ; and for green veg- 

 etables, &c. during the same time, were paid $1018. The average 

 yield of the cows was four quarts daily. The amount of hay 

 required for a cow was 4 9-50 tons, exclusive of vegetables. — 

 The quantity of milk obtained in the two years from the whole 



