SECRETARY'S REPORT. 127 



accordingly received the name of NKUudriEiiA, also from the 

 Greek, signifying nerve-wings. 



The Order containing the wasps and bees having membranous 

 wings, of which the hind pair is generally the smallest, hut 

 neither furnished with so fine a network of nerves as in the 

 preceding Order, has been called Hymenoptera, from two Greek 

 words, meaning membrane un'ni>'s. 



In the flies we find the /lind-wing-s so diminished in size as 

 to be scarcely visible, or at least mere shrunken appendages 

 occupying the p/ace of wings, and bearing no resemblance to 

 the anterior ones, so that the insect is commonly said to have 

 but one pair, and from this feature the Order is known as 

 DiPTERA, a name given it by Aristotle, from the Greek dis, 

 meaning two, and ptera, wings. 



Butterflies and moths have their membranous wings in gen- 

 eral completely covered with scales, so as to conceal the surface 

 in which they are planted ; these scales are formed somewhat 

 like those of the fishes, and are arranged in parallel rows, over- 

 lapping each other so as to shed moisture, being attached by a 

 ])rojection at their base, which enters the substance of the wing. 

 From the Greek words Lepis, a scale, and ptera, wings, they 

 are called Lepidoptera. 



Figure 1, represents some of the distinguishing char- 

 acteristics of this order, which are given here only for ^ 

 the purpose of comparison, as none of the species 

 belonging to it are beneficial to agriculture, but quite 

 the reverse. A, the knobbed antenna of a butterfly, 

 of the form called cdjnlale ; B, the palpus, plural palpi, 

 of which there are two, curving upward from beneath Mlt^X 

 the head, and between which the tongue or sucker, C, \-t5^.^ 

 is coiled when not in use ; C, the tongue or sucker par- ^- 

 tially unrolled ; this form is peculiar to the Lepidoptera ; \W^ 

 D, the compound eye, composed in all insects of numer- c\^^ 

 ous small eyes ; E, a short piece cut from the tongue ^'s- ^• 

 and magnified, to show that it is a double tube ; F, a part of 

 the wing of a moth or butterfly, showing the scales, and mode 

 of arrangement; the two scales at the upper right corner show 

 the stalks or projections, which are inserted in corresponding 

 sockets in the membrane ; these sockets are represented in the 

 cut by the round dots ; G, is a common form of antSnna among 



