78 MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURE. 



The sales from the farm, during the last year, have been : 

 milk, 60,912 quarts ; apples, 400 barrels ; cider, 75 barrels ; 

 vinegar, 200 gallons ; ruta-baga, 130 barrels ; potatoes, 50 

 barrels ; barley, 200 bushels ; pork, (2,000 pounds now on 

 hand,) 1,500 pounds ; pigs, 12 ; calves, 30 ; heifers, (fat,) 2 ; 

 cows, 20 ; bulls for breeding, 2 ; colts, 2. 



The labor is performed by a foreman, milkman and eight 

 laborers in summer, and three in winter. 



In addition to the milk sold, enough is reserved for the fami- 

 lies of myself and my foreman, and to make butter for my own 

 family nine months in the year. 



The food for the milch cows is English hay, usually chopped 

 fine and mixed with meal or shorts three times a day, and 

 mangel wurzel, about half a bushel, once a day. A portion 

 of the time they are fed on corn fodder, chopped and mixed 

 with cob-meal. During nearly the whole winter all the food, 

 with the exception of the roots, is prepared by steam, for which 

 purpose 1 have a movable tank in each barn, connected by 

 long pipes to a steam-boiler. The young cattle and dry cows 

 are fed on straw, black grass and corn fodder, with very little 

 corn meal, also prepared by steam, and a peck of ruta-bagas 

 per day. 



I have given a hasty sketch of the farm and its operations, 

 leaving it to every practical farmer to enlarge upon such sug- 

 gestions as may appear of value to himself, and apply them to 

 his own locality, according to circumstances. 



A chief part of the success of a farmer who relies on others 

 for his labor, depends upon the skill, and accuracy, and economy 

 and judgment with which his foreman carries out his plans, and 

 perhaps improves on them. And I should be guilty of an act of 

 injustice did I not remind the committee that wherever my 

 designs have been put into practical operation, I am under 

 obligations to Mr. Elias Ham, my foreman, who discliarges his 

 duty in such a way as to show what it is to fulfil faithfully that 

 most diOicult of all offices, farming for another. 



