82 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



4,/"). After they are done feeding they descend from the 

 trees and burrow into the ground, where they pass their 

 transformations, and the moths emerge late in the fall. The 

 female of this species is wingless, about three-tenths of an 

 inch long, and of a pale gray or ash color (Fig. o, b). The 

 males have well developed wings, which expand nearly an 

 inch and a half, and are of the same color as the female. 

 The fore wings have two rather irregular whitish bands 

 across them, and the hind wings have a faint blackish dot 

 on the middle, and a more or less distinct whitish band 

 outside of it (Fig. 3, a). Canker-worms feed on the leaves 

 of the apple, plum, cherry, elm, linden and many other 

 trees. 



Remedies for Canl-er-wornis. 



As the females are wingless and pass their transformations 

 under the ground, and are obliged to crawl up the trunks of 

 the trees to deposit their eggs, one method is to prevent 

 their ascent by putting bands of heavy paper around the 

 trunks, and painting them with some sticky preparation, as 

 printers' ink, or tar softened with oil. 



Another method is to put a trap of tin or zinc around the 

 tiimks of the trees, over which they cannot pass. Care 

 must be taken that the trap or paper fits so tightly to the 

 tree that neither the female moth nor the newly-hatched 

 larvee can find a passage beneath. Some make the mistake 

 of putting on the traps in the spring only,^ overlooking the 

 fact that there is a species which emerges late in the fall, 

 and also that some individuals of the spring species emerge 

 at the same time. The trees, therefore, need protection 

 from the canker-Avorms both in the fall and spring. Still 

 another remedy is to shower the trees with paris gi'een in 

 water about the time the eggs have hatched in the spring. 



77ie WJiite-marked Tussock-moth. 



This species was first described by Abbott and Smith in 



their great work on the natural history of the rarer lepidop- 



terous insects of Georgia in 1797, under the name of Orrjyia 



leucostigma. This moth has received so many common 



