126 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. [Pub. Doc. 



To destroy the codling moth, we should spray at such a 

 time that the first meal of the tiny caterpillar shall be a poisoned 

 one. Similarly, to destroy the bud moth the spray should be 

 applied to the leaf and flower buds shortly before they open; 

 and as this is also a proper time to spray for certain of the 

 fungous diseases, besides aiding somewhat in the control of 

 the plum curculio, which is now paying altogether too much 

 attention to the apples, a spray of Bordeaux mixture and ar- 

 senate of lead, applied to the trees as soon as the buds are 

 beginning to open well, is necessary. Later in the season 

 the habits of the bud moth caterpillar are such as to make it 

 almost impossible to reach them, and this early spraying is our 

 only method of control' which is of much value. 



Whether the Prophet Joel, when he wrote, " That which 

 the palmer-worm hath left, hath the locust eaten; and that 

 which the locust hath left, hath the canker worm eaten; and 

 that which the canker worm hath left, hath the caterpillar 

 eaten," referred to the canker worm of modern times, is un- 

 known; but there are many who can testify that at times the 

 canker worm has left nothing for the caterpillar to take. For- 

 tunately, the canker worms are rarely of much importance in 

 orchards which are carefully watched, and even when abun- 

 dant they can easily be held in check, because of certain pe- 

 culiarities of their life and habits. 



Both the fall and the spring canker worm are found in Mas- 

 sachusetts, the former being probably the more common, at 

 least in the eastern part of the State. The caterpillar in both 



species is what is com- 

 monly called an " inch- 

 worm; " in both it leaves 

 the tree when through 

 feeding, and changes to 

 the adult moth in the 

 ground ; in both the female 



Fig. 10. — Fall canker worm: a, side view of moth IS without wingSJ in 

 single egg; b, top view of same ; e, egg mass, . , , 1 • 1 



natural size ; f, full-grown caterpillar ; c, d, both the eggs are laid On 



"■ ''• structural detaiK the twigs of the trees; and 



finally, in both the caterpillars feed at the same time of year. 

 Here, however, the resemblance ends. 



