DESCBIPTIONS OF TRIBES AND GENERA. 189 



spikelets, and empty glumes obtuse. This undoubtedly 

 originated from H. spontaneum C. Koch, which grows wild 

 from Asia Minor and Caucasian countries to Persia and 

 Beloochistan, as well as in Syria, Palestine, and Arabia 

 Petrsea. The two-rowed, cultivated barley is distin- 

 guished from it only by the character due to cultivation 

 viz., the non-articulate axis and somewhat shorter awns. 

 Sub-species (Races) : 



a. All spikelets fertile, therefore six rows of fruit. 

 a. The six rows distinctly separated. 



b. H. sat. hexastichon. 



ft. Only the middle rows distinctly separated, 

 the side rows overlapping. 



c. H. sat. vidgare. 



b. Only the middle spikelet of each cluster of 

 three fertile a. H. sat. distichon. 



a. H. sat. distichon (H. distichon L.), two-rowed Barley 

 (Fig. 104). Spikes strongly compressed laterally, 

 the sterile lateral spikelets appressed to the rachis, 

 with or without stamens. Falls into numerous va- 

 rieties, the most important of which are : 



a. nutans. Lateral spikelets distinct, spikes 

 usually uniform in width, awns appressed to 

 the spike ; spike loose, narrow, usually nodding. 



ft. erectum. Like a, but with broad, upright spikes. 



y. Zeocriton, "Peacock Barley," " Rice Barley." 

 Like ft, but the spikes tapering toward the end, 

 and the awns diverging. 



6. macrolepis, with aborted lateral spikelets and 

 broad, empty glumes in the middle spikelet. 



e. deficiens. Like 6, but the empty glumes narrow. 



Besides these there is one variety with naked 



fruit (H. nudum L.), and several sub-varieties 



distinguished only by the pale yellow or black 



color of the spikes. 



The two-rowed barley is cultivated espe- 

 cially in Central Europe (in Switzerland as far 

 as 2000 metres above the sea) and England, and 

 the varieties d and e in Abyssinia. 



b. H. sat. hexastichon (H. hexastichon L.), six-rowed 



