EVERGREENS: THEIR USES AND CULTURE 



87 



Scotch Pine. Finns sylvestris Linn, The name of this species would indi- 

 cate that it is of Scotch origin, but in reality it is found covering large areas in 

 central Europe, where it is held in about the same esteem as the white pine here. 

 It is much inferior to the white pine in all respects. The mature trees some- 

 times reach a height of 80 feet and are four or five feet in diameter. Its foliage 

 is of a bluish color and the size of the tree precludes its use in small grounds, 

 but in parks and upon extensive lawns it can be used to considerable advantage. 

 Its rate of growth is exceedingly rapid, and this fact, together with its hardi- 

 ness and the ease with which it can be grown upon many kinds of soil, make it 

 of great service in the formation of windbreaks. It is handsome when young and 

 often assumes picturesque forms in old age. 



Swiss Stone Pine. Pinus cembra Linn. This one inhabits the higher regions 

 of the Alps, specimens fifty feet tall being frequently found. It also abounds in 

 Austria, where it forms vast forests of the darkest shade of green. In form the 

 tree is conical, with branches borne well to the ground; while the foliage, which 

 is very dense, has a peculiar tufted appearance. It produces attractive purple 

 cones which are born at or near the apex of the tree. Unfortunately of ver} r 

 slow growth, the Swiss stone pine has great value in ornamental planting, as 

 it is capable of producing effects not to be secured by the use of any other 

 species. It will flourish upon thin, stony soil in exposed situations such as few 

 other evergreens can endure, while its dark foliage contrasts well with that of 

 lighter-colored species. A well-grown tree of Swiss stone pine is a fitting sub- 

 ject for any lawn, whether it be in the home grounds, cemetery or park. 



FIG. VI Colorado Blue Spruce in center, Umbrella Pine in foreground 



Umbrella Pine. Sciadopitys verticellata Sieb. & Zucc. This unique conifer, 

 so-called from the fact that its leaves are arranged about the twig somewhat 

 like the ribs of an umbrella, is a native of Japan. The foliage is dark-colored 

 and rich looking. This tree seems to be of undoubted hardiness, and, while it 



