180 OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION: BULLETIN 194 



though some of the limbs were dying-. The majority of the scales 

 were upon the lower limbs, though many specimens were found as 

 high as 46 feet from the ground. 



What is known as the bitter elm is most subject to attack. The 

 water elm is rarely attacked and, if so, very slightly, even when 

 growing beside infested specimens of the former species. 



The progress of the insect will be watched with considerable 

 interest as it is considered a serious pest in some of the localities 

 before mentioned. 



June 28, 1906, while the young scales were emerging, an appli- 

 cation of kerosene emulsion containing 7 percent kerosene was made 

 to a small elm badly infested. The tree was very thoroughly 

 sprayed, special care being taken to follow out the under side of 

 the limbs. The treatment was successful in destroying the young 

 insects already emerged, but did not seem to affect the females nor 

 the young beneath the mother scale, as the young were noticed 

 emerging in considerable quantity an hour after the conclusion of 

 the treatment. 



Prof. R. H. Pettit, of the Michigan Agricultural College, reports 

 success from the use of the lime-sulfur wash upon the elms located 

 upon the college grounds. It is quite likely that this is the most 

 practicable and satisfactory spray to be used. 



~ ,., ^ r . The tulip tree lecanium is one of the 



1 ultp Iree l^ecamum, 



Eulecanium tulipiferae Cook. scales ( * ulte ' frequently received by 



the entomological department, not 



that it is especially common, but because it is easily detected. In 

 cases of severe infestation the branches on which it occurs appear 

 irregularly knotted. 



Occasionally, fatal results are reported to follow its attack, but 

 in the writer's experience he has never seen a tree killed or severely 

 injured by it. However, the large fleshy scales surely consume con- 

 siderable of the tree's sap and thus harm it to a certain extent. 

 Applications of control methods are in no wise misplaced. As the 

 scales are so large and so easily detected, probably removing them 

 with a stiff wire brush is the most practicable remedy. 



~ 7 rt . 7- Y- o / This is a small, elongated, snow-white 



The Pine Leaf Scale, ,, *,_,_ 



Chionaspis -pinifolae Fitch. scale at the narr w end of which is 



attached a small yellow pellicle. It is 

 found attached to the leaves of the pine. (Plate 3, Fig. 1.) 



The winte,r is passed in the egg stage. Two broods occur an- 

 nually, one in- early summer and the other during the fall. 



During the spring of 1903 the pines on the Experiment Station 

 grounds were badly infested by this insect, some of the trees being 





