INSECTS AFFECTING OHIO SHADE TREES 187 



Probably the simplest and most effective of the methods to be 

 used in combatting- this pest is the collecting of the conspicuous 

 bags during the winter, thus destroying- the eggs; followed by the 

 application of mechanical barriers, placed around the trunk of the 

 tree, to prevent it from being- reinfested by larvae wandering- from 

 other sources. 



Another remedy applicable during- the summer season when 

 the larvae are feeding- is spraying: with arsenicals. See Plate, 10 

 Figs. 1 and 2, and Plate 11, Fig. 1. 



The Bro^n Tail Moth, S pec | e8 . ' C " rS D f ly in th f 6 



Euproctis chrysorrhaea Lina. New En ^ land States at P resent ' 



but unless something unforeseen 



happens it will be only a matter of time until it spreads to this state. 

 The following description is taken largely from Memoir 8, New 

 York State Museum, and is herewith given that the pest may be 

 recognized and prompt measures be taken to stamp it out when it 

 reaches our borders. 



The insect has two features peculiar to it which render its 

 separation from other insects comparatively easy. The first is the 

 presence of a tuft of brown hair on the tips of the abdomens of the 

 moths of both sexes, and the second is the position in which the 

 webs are spun, namely, upon the tips of the branches. 



The female moth is white in color with the exception of the 

 brown marking- already described, and measures 1^ inches across 

 her spread wings. The male is smaller, having- a wing- expanse of 

 lX inches, and the general white of the wings is broken with a few 

 black spots. The brown tuft on the abdomen is smaller and darker 

 in color than that of the female. 



The moths fly during- July, and during this season the eg-gs are 

 deposited in masses on the under sides of the leaves. From 200 to 

 300 are clustered together and are then covered with the brown 

 hairs from the tip of the abdomen of the female. 



Upon hatching, the young feed gregariously upon the surface of 

 the leaf, spinning a covering web as they go. They soon begin the 

 preparation of their winter nest by drawing a few leaves together 

 and lining them with silk, and binding the whole tightly to the 

 twigs. The winter is passed in the immature larval condition with- 

 in the protection of the soil. 



"Early in the spring the caterpillars emerge and, if the leaves 

 have not started, begin feeding upon the swelling buds. During 

 the spring they continue their work, completely stripping the 

 tree in cases of severe attack. One brood occurs annually. 



