its trunk is neat and graceful. It is comparatively long-lived and free 

 from insect enemies. The bark is more attractive than that of almost 

 any other tree. Unfortunately, it is a more or less exacting tree as to 

 soil and light conditions, and for this and other reasons it is difficult to 

 transplant. The elm and maple are also examples of trees that give 

 an agreeable shade. 



Pleasing Appearance. Whether or not a tree is ornamental is 

 largely a matter of individual taste. Every tree may be said to have a 

 beauty of its own. A tree that is ornamental in one place may not be 

 ornamental in another. The surroundings must always be taken into 

 account. A weeping willow may be beautiful along the bank of a 

 stream or the shore of a pond, but out of place and unattractive on a 

 high, dry lawn. 



It is a mistake to combine or contrast the strictly useful or econo- 

 mic tree with the purely ornamental tree. Such combination violates 

 the principles of unity and harmony. An apple tree may have all the 

 requisites of an ideal shade tree, but the primary purpose of an apple 

 tree is fruit and we associate this tree with the orchard and garden and 

 not with the lawn. Fruit and nut trees may be planted along certain 

 roadsides, lanes, etc., because here utility and not beauty alone maybe 

 the governing feature. In fact this practise has much to commend it 

 and should be more general than it is. 



Some Essential Features. A tree may have all other good qualities, 

 and yet if it be difficult to propagate and transplant it will not come 

 into general use for shade and ornament. The beech, as has been said, 

 is one of our most beautiful trees, yet it is seldom used. It is so diffi- 

 cult to propagate and transplant that it is not generally grown by 

 nurseryman, and is rarely taken from the woods. 



In a climate like that of Ohio, hardiness should always be taken 

 into account. Some good shade trees are not perfectly hardy when 

 planted in exposed situations. Many fine ornamental trees and shrubs 

 have the same weakness. Only such as will withstand the severities of 

 the climate should be generally planted. L/ongevity is an important 

 requisite. We value old trees not alone for what they are, but for the 

 associations connected with them. 



Freedom from Disease and Insect Injuries. This is an essential 

 that must not be overlooked. Some trees are quite subject to disease, 

 and others are liable to attacks by insects. Other things being equal, 

 it is better to select varieties that are not predisposed to these troubles. 

 It is well to know, however, that diseases and insect attacks are often 

 one of the effects, not a primary cause, of a sickly and enfeebled condi- 

 tion. There can be no doubt that these troubles are largely incited 



