28 



seeds may be obtained by maceration and should be sown in moder- 

 ately moist beds at once. Two years are often required for the seeds 

 to germinate. The young seedlings should have some protection 

 from the sun for several seasons and their roots kept moist. They 

 may be propagated by cuttings. 



OSAGE ORANGE, BOW WOOD, BOIS d' ARC. 



Madura aurantiaca, Nutt. 

 Toxylon pomiferum, Raf. See Britton & Brown, Vol. I, p. 529. 



Another valuable but neglected tree. It is a rapid grower and 

 not particular in choice of soil. Its wood has been found to be very 

 valuable in the manufacture of wagon wheels, and has also been used 

 with good success as railroad ties. The fruit matures in October but 

 as it is frequently seedless, and as the tree is readily propagated from 

 cuttings, it may be cheapest to use the latter method. If seeds are 

 obtained after macerating the fruit, they should be kept in a cool, dry 

 atmosphere and sown in spring. The tree is frequently used for 

 hedges, when it needs considerable pruning. In plantations it 

 should be planted closely. It is not a native of Pennsylvania, but 

 is introduced from the southwest. 



RED MULBERRY. 



Morus rubra, L. 



The fruit, resembling an elongated blackberry, is mature in July. 

 It should be picked from the tree and macerated in water, the seeds 

 cleaned and then kept in a cool, dry atmosphere until spring. Sow 

 thinly over the beds and cover with fine dirt. Keep the beds moist 

 and protect the young plants from the sun. After two seasons 

 growth they can safely be placed in the plantation. They endure 

 some shade so may be set among other trees. It prefers low, rich 

 soils. 



BUTTONWOOD, SYCAMORE. 



Platanus occidentalis, L. 



A rapid grower, often reaching a very large size, and not particular 

 } to location. The wood, however, is of very little value, except in 



